INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING AND MANAGEMENT; THE IMPACT OF CONCESSION ON THE OPERATIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF NIGERIAN SEAPORTS
ABSTRACT
This paper study examined the effect of privatization on the performance of Nigerian seaports, using pre- and post-privatization data. A Mann-Whitney Wilcoxon (MWW) test was applied to data (secondary) on two major indices of port operation (average berth occupancy and average turn-around time). The result of the analysis showed that on average, the berth occupancy and turn-around time improved from 51.35% to 72.47% and 8.18 days to 4.83 days respectively. It was also found that at a 0.05 level of significance, the concession of Nigerian ports has significantly improved average berth occupancy and average turnaround time of the vessels calling at Nigerian ports. The study emphasises the need to provide enabling environment through the formulation and implementation of effective policies as a way of ensuring optimal performance of the concession model.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Maritime activities could be seen as a life wire of any developing economy. Shipping has become the most effective mode of transportation in the international exchange of goods. Transportation of bulk goods over a relatively long distance is most economically done by sea. This is further facilitated through advances in technology which has brought about more efficient, reliable and demand oriented transportation system. It is estimated that over 90% of global commerce is seaborne. This reflects the level of dependency on shipping for the movement of goods generated in international trade transactions.
Port reforms are policy measures by government aimed at enhancing efficiency and productivity of ports by revitalizing and strengthening the operational and functional modalities at the ports. Within the Nigerian context, ports reforms were with a view to making Nigerian ports both user and investor friendly, thus enhancing smooth operations at the ports.
The reform model chosen by the Nigerian government was port concession, whereby the government retains ownership the infrastructure, and contracts out the management and operation of the facilities to the private sector on competitive basis for a specified period of time. Bousquet and Fayard note that a concession arrangement is one in which the government (or her agency) grants the right to fund, build, own, improve, upgrade, maintain or operate a public infrastructure, and charge users for the cost of services, for a limited period of time to a private sector operator. The official view about concession in Nigeria seems to be contained in the Infrastructure Concession Regulatory Commission Act (2005) where concession is described as:
a contractual arrangement whereby the project proponent or contractor undertakes the construction, including financing of any infrastructure, facility and the operation and maintenance thereof and shall include the supply of any equipment and machinery for any infrastructure and the provision of any services.
With respect to port operations, concession refers to lease of port terminals and re-organization of stevedoring companies. The contractual arrangement embodies service criteria and specifies the technical qualities and practices expected from the concessionaire. Perhaps, it is because of the stake that the government still has in the venture that motivates government to ensure that her policies are implemented both in technical and social terms as noted by.
The improvement of port efficiency or productivity seems to be the major motivation for port concessions in Nigeria. However, the level of achievement of this objective is yet to be determined. This paper therefore seeks to establish the impact of the reform by analysing the major indices of port operations performance in the port. This impact would be established by:
- Examining of the impact of port concession on cargo average berth occupancy in Nigerian ports
- Analysing the impact of port concession on turnaround time of vessels calling at the ports, and
- Drawing inferences and making recommendations based on the research findings
This study examines only the impact of concession on two major indices of port operation (average berth occupancy and average turnaround time), from 1995-2012 in Nigerian ports. Attention has been drawn to the ways concession has improved the efficiency of services in the Nigerian ports, with recommendations capable of assisting in the actualization of the aims and objectives of the exercise.
Although several studies such as [7, 8, 9, 10] had studied the concept of privatization and how its application in seaports has increased competiveness and efficiency, these have not been specific to Nigeria. This study will complement these existing studies by establishing the impact of privatization (port concession) on average berth occupancy and vessels turn-around time of Nigerian seaports.
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
Procedure for Downloading the PDF (Docx) Material
Infrastructure Financing and Management; the Impact of Concession on the Operations and Performance of Nigerian Seaports can be downloaded by requesting the full set of materials at the project or seminar cost. The document will be sent via Microsoft Word (MS-Word) format via WhatsApp (e-mail) following payment confirmation.
| Seminar Material Cost ₦3,000 | Project Material Cost ₦5,000 |
Request Complete Material
 | Click here to request the Complete Material via WhatsApp including;
|
TABLE OF CONTENTSPRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.0 Introduction
- 1.1 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Theoretical Framework
- ⋮
- 2.4 Empirical Studies
- 2.5 Research Gaps
- 2.6 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of Study
- 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
- 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
- 3.9 Ethical Consideration
- 3.10 Statistical Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of Findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Infrastructure Financing and Management; the Impact of Concession on the Operations and Performance of Nigerian Seaports" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
PRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.0 Introduction
- 1.1 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Theoretical Framework
- ⋮
- 2.4 Empirical Studies
- 2.5 Research Gaps
- 2.6 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of Study
- 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
- 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
- 3.9 Ethical Consideration
- 3.10 Statistical Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of Findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Infrastructure Financing and Management; the Impact of Concession on the Operations and Performance of Nigerian Seaports" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can the material for “The Problems of Duck Farming” be used as a guide for Agricultural Engineering (AE) Project?
Yes it can be used — This project work was carmed out in Ovia North West Local Government Area of edo state to examine the problems of duck farming within the area. 5o questionnaires were distributed among farmers in the local government but there response where only analyzed using simple frequency and percentages. From the analysis it was revealed that 30% the farmers attributed the problem of duck farming to disease condition which 80% identified some other problems. The result further revealed that 80% of the respondents attribute the non acceptance of duck meat of superstitions belief another 8% of the respondents further stated that there is no ready market for ducks and ducks raised are reared for family consumption, it was discovered that duck have …
Can the material for “Growth and Haematological Response of Growing Rabbits to Diets Containing Graded Levels of Sun Dried Bovine Rumen Content” be used as a guide for Agricultural Engineering (AE) Project?
Yes it can be used — The growth and haematological response of growing rabbits to diets containing graded levels of sun dried bovine rumen content (SBRC) were studied. Five diets containing 0 (control), 10, 20, 30 and 40 % sun dried bovine rumen content coded as T1,T2,T3,T4 and T5, respectively, were compared. Twenty growing rabbits were randomly assigned to the treatments; each treatment had four experimental units. The rabbits were fed and watered ad libitum. The parameters measured were feed consumption, water consumption, body weight gain, mortality, feed conversion ratio, feed cost per kg gain, feed cost per kg feed, live weight, dressing percentage, initial body weight, weight of internal organs and haematological parameters. Data collection was done for a period of nine weeks, but the experiment …
Can the material for “Study of the Impact of Universal Banking in Nigeria Financial System” be used as a guide for Banking and Finance (BF) Project?
Yes it can be used — The study of the impact of universal Banking is one of the critical for banks Nigeria to attain greater light. This borders most no the effect of the New concept in Nigeria banking system that tends to remove the functional barriers between commercial and Merchant banks, and consequently empowers the bank to undertake part from their conventional banking business, capital market operations and insurance services. The chapter I stresses on the introduction. It equally deals with the background of study statement of problems, the objective of was based on exhuming the overall performance of the Nigeria banking system prior to the introduction of universal banking, research questions, significance and hypothesis to test. On chapter 2, the literate review was highlighted. Chapter three (3) …
Is the topic “Design and Implementation of a Computerized Forensic Security and Monitoring System” recommended for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — Computer forensics is the application of investigation and analysis techniques to gather and preserve evidence from a particular computing device in a way that is suitable for presentation in a court of law. The aim of the system is to design and implement a Computerized Forensic Security and Monitoring System. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were set out as follows to develop an application software that will create platform for securing and monitoring of forensic activities and replace some extent of human role in cases of unavailability of job. The motivation that led to the implementation of the proposed system is that the manual forensics record keeping has resulted in many set lacks to the expected standard. …
Can the material for “The Impact of Human Capital on Economic Growth in Nigeria (1975-2015)” be used as a guide for Economics Project?
Yes it can be used — A nation cannot experience economic growth without human capital. And for human capital to actually have any impact on economic growth some investments have to be made. Investment in human capital consists of; investment in education, training, health and other social services that will help in enhancing the productive capacity of labour. This project examines the impact of human of capital on economic growth in Nigeria from 1975-2015. The study used the ordinary least square technique (OLS) to determine the relationship between human capital and economic growth. The research result shows that foreign direct investment does not have much impact on economic growth while human capital which was proxied by total government expenditure, labourlife expectancy and stock of physical product, …
Can the material for “The Use of Straw Grass as a Reinforcing Material for Ring Culvert” be used as a guide for Civil Engineering Project?
Yes it can be used — A culvert is a structure that allows water to flow under a road, railroad, trail, or similar obstruction from one side to the other side. The aim of the study is to examine the Use of Straw Grass as a Reinforcing Material for Ring Culvert. In achieving this aim the following specific objectives were laid out to deliver extensive investigations to find out the structural and hydrological causes that lead to failures on pipe culverts, and assess the use of straw grass as a Reinforcing Material for Ring Culvert. Failure on water crossing structures definitely results in road damages and almost closure. This failure has direct effect and economic burden to road users and isolates the surrounding communities. Failures of …
Is the topic “Developing the Economic of Nigeria State through Investment in Shipping” recommended for Transport Management Technology Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — Shipping investments are a form of alternative investment into an asset related to worldwide shipping. This could be into ships themselves, or a related asset such as containers, with the expectation of capital appreciation, dividends, and/or interest earnings. The main thrust of this study was to investigate transportation, investment in shipping and economic growth in Nigeria. Two research hypotheses were formulated for testing in the study. The hypotheses established the relationship between transport investment and economic growth in Nigeria and transport investment and employment generation in Nigeria. Data for the study was collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin of various issues, data collected was analyzed using ordinary least square estimation technique. Result revealed that there is …
Can the material for “A Stylistic Analysis of Selected Niyi Osundare’s Socio-Political Poetry” be used as a guide for Linguistics and Communication Project?
Yes it can be used — Language is a vital medium through which human beings express themselves. It is used by its speakers to achieve diverse purposes such as reprimanding, encouraging, admiring, and persuading. Writers also use language to achieve their purposes and it is observed that their writings are attention catching, and thought provoking. It is against this background that a stylistic analysis of selected socio-political poems of Niyi Osundare was conducted to discover their constituent which make them impacting and interesting. The findings in this research reveal that the language of literary composition is characterized by the use of stylistic elements such as alliterations, similes, proverbs e.t.c. and in judicious application of these elements in writing; poetry accounts for the success of their speeches …
Is the topic “The Impact of Agricultural Marketing Co-operatives on Sales Promotion” recommended for Cooperative Economics and Management (CEM) Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — The study examines the Impact of Agricultural Marketing Co-operatives on sales promotion using the National Archives Multipurpose Co-operative Society as a case study. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to examine the impact of agricultural marketing cooperatives on sales promotion, determine the role of agricultural cooperative in improving the intensive at farming activities and find out how capital hinder agricultural cooperative development in the society. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain information from the respondents for this project. A total of 150 (one hundred and fifty) respondents were selected for this study to represent the entire population of the study. Primary data were collected from the …
Can the material for “Design and Implementation of an Online Petition Management System” be used as a guide for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be used — Petition Management System is a system that handles formal request to a public authority, usually a governmental institution with the purpose of changing public policy, calling for an official statement, or evoking certain acts by a public institution. The aim of this research is to Design and Implement an Online Petition management System that will allow citizens in a democratic society send in electronic petitions to assist government / institutional laws for better reforms with the following objectives to: enable Sending in of petitions electronically over the internet, petitions sent in can be easily managed, as government receive thousands of petitions daily, increase accountability, better governance among top government institutions and the legislative aim of government and improve the way …