A STUDY OF THE BASIC CONCEPTS OF COMMUNICATION SATELLITES
ABSTRACT
A communication satellite is an orbiting artificial earth satellite that receives a communications signal from a transmitting ground station, amplifies and possibly processes it, then transmits it back to the earth for reception by one or more receiving ground stations. The study is to scrutinize the Basic Concepts of Communication Satellites. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to find out the factors mitigating the enhancement of Communication Satellites and examine the relevance of Communication Satellites in the development of Nigeria economy. The motivation that led to this research work is the rapid adoption of media streaming instead of linear media broadcasting and the urgent need to extend broadband coverage to underserved areas such as; developing countries, aero/maritime, and rural areas. Data used in this work is derived primary from secondary sources. The methodology therefore, is basically documentary in nature. This involves learning new facts and principles through the study of documents and records. The documents and records include journals, textbooks, newspapers, magazines, official publications etc. By putting together logically evidence derived from documents and records. Conclusion which either established facts hitherto unknown or sound generalization can be obtained. This study will be of immense benefit to other researchers who intend to know more on this study and can also be used by non-researchers to build more on their research work. This study contributes to knowledge and could serve as a guide for other study.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction
Today’s communications satellites offer extensive capabilities in applications involving data, voice, and video, with services provided to fixed, broadcast, mobile, personal communications, and private networks users. A communication satellite is an orbiting artificial earth satellite that receives a communications signal from a transmitting ground station, amplifies and possibly processes it, then transmits it back to the earth for reception by one or more receiving ground stations. Communications information neither originates nor terminates at the satellite itself. The satellite is an active transmission relay, similar in function to relay towers used in terrestrial microwave communications (Plgpl, 2021).
As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Research hypothesis and questions, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.
1.2 Background of Study
Since their inception, Satellite Communications (SatComs) have found a plethora of applications, including media broadcasting, backhauling, news gathering etc. Nowadays, following the evolution of Internet-based applications, SatComs are going through a transformation phase refocusing the system design on data services, namely broadband SatComs. Furthermore, a major milestone of the 5th generation of communication systems (5G) is the integration and convergence of diverse wired and wireless technologies. In this context, SatComs pave the way for seamless integration targeting specific use cases which can take advantage of their unique capabilities. In parallel, private ventures have led the development of a multitude of manufacturing and launching options, previously only reserved for governments and a handful of large international corporations (Plgpl, 2021).
Satellites face competition from other media such as fibre optics, cable, and other land-based delivery systems such as microwaves and even power lines. The main advantage of satellites is that they can distribute signals from one point to many locations. As such, satellite technology is ideal for “point-to-multipoint” communications such as broadcasting. Satellite communication does not require massive investments on the ground-making it ideal for underserved and isolated areas with dispersed populations.
Satellite communications technology is often used during natural disasters and emergencies when land-based communication services are down. Mobile satellite equipment can be deployed to disaster areas to provide emergency communication services. One major technical disadvantage of satellites, particularly those in geostationary orbit, is an inherent delay in transmission. While there are ways to compensate for this delay, it makes some applications that require real-time transmission and feedback, such as voice communications, not ideal for satellites.
Therefore, in Nigeria where the research was carried out, the activities that was conducted is to know the Basic Concepts of Communication Satellites.
1.3 Statement of Problems
Investigation reveals the challenge for the application of precoding in practical satellite systems is related to non-linearities. In fact, the on-board per-antenna traveling-wave-tube amplifiers (TWTAs) usually introduce non-linear effects, which result in a distortion on the transmitted waveforms. A typical solution to this problem in single-user links relies on predistortion techniques, but their extension to multi-beam systems relying on precoding is not straightforward, because of the mutual correlation between the data streams induced by the precoding schemes.
Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO) platforms operate closer to the Earth than LEO satellites. This allows them to be simpler, smaller, and thus, cheaper (Llop et al., 2014). However, such low altitudes contain a denser part of the atmosphere, and therefore, larger aerodynamic forces. This can be seen as ame, but they can also represent an opportunity for orbit and attitude control (Virgili-Llop et al., 2019). Moreover, the increased drag represents a shortening of the orbital lifetime, but this also means a more frequent fleet replacement of smaller and cheaper spacecrafts, thus, becoming more responsive to technology and market changes (Dakka, 2018). Several private companies such as SpaceX, OneWeb or Telesat are planning to launch their Mobile Satellite Services (MSS) at VLEO.
1.4 Aim and Objectives of Study
The aim of the study is to scrutinize the Basic Concepts of Communication Satellites. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows:
- To find out the factors mitigating the enhancement of Communication Satellites
- To examine the relevance of Communication Satellites in the development of Nigeria economy
1.5 Research Questions
The study came up with research questions so as to be able to ascertain the above stated objectives. The specific research questions for the study are stated below as follows:
- What are the factors mitigating the enhancement of Communication Satellites?
- What are the relevance of Communication Satellites in the development of Nigeria economy?
1.6 Research Hypothesis
In order to pursue the objective of this study, the following generalized statements have been designed to guide and aids in obtaining the result for the experiment to be conducted. For this work, the null hypothesis will be represented with H0 while the alternative hypothesis will be represented with hypothesis H1.
- H0: There is no significant factors mitigating the enhancement of Communication Satellites
- H1: There is a significant factors mitigating the enhancement of Communication Satellites
1.7 Significance of Study
This study will be of immense benefit to other researchers who intend to know more on this study and can also be used by non-researchers to build more on their research work. This study contributes to knowledge and could serve as a guide for other study.
1.8 Scope of Study
The scope of this research focuses on the study of the Basic Concepts of Communication Satellites in Nigeria.
1.9 Limitations of the Study
During the course of this study, many things militated against its completion, some of which are:
- Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
- Research material: availability of research material is a major setback to the scope of the study.
- Frequent power failure: This made the researcher append more money on fuel to ensure sustainable power.
- Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet).
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
Procedure for Downloading the PDF (Docx) Material
A Study of the Basic Concepts of Communication Satellites can be downloaded by requesting the full set of materials at the project or seminar cost. The document will be sent via Microsoft Word (MS-Word) format via WhatsApp (e-mail) following payment confirmation.
| Seminar Material Cost ₦3,000 | Project Material Cost ₦5,000 |
Request Complete Material
 | Click here to request the Complete Material via WhatsApp including;
|
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "A Study of the Basic Concepts of Communication Satellites" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Is the topic “Design and Implementation of Meteorological System” recommended for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — The benefit of being able to use managerial techniques and analytical methods coupled with the innovative nature of the computer cannot be overemphasized. The main purpose of this project is to highlight the need for design and implementation of a meteorological service. In the course of this work the author conducted personal interview, examined the organizations document and observed staff at work. This project focuses on the need for easy storage and retrieval of meteorological files so as to obtain particular information easily and to update the data at any given time. The problems and limitation of the manual system were identified in the course of this work. The computerized system was designed to help in minimizing some of the problems inherent …
Can the material for “Alterity and Reversibility in Merleau-Ponty; A Discourse on Cultural Diversity and Minority Rights” be used as a guide for Philosophy Project?
Yes it can be used — Cultural diversity is increasingly becoming an inevitable feature of most modern states. This is because trade, tourism, international dialogue amongst scholars, scientists and artists and the movement of skilled labour as well as migration have ensured that few countries do not contain within them significant numbers of peoples from other cultures. A likely consequence of this diversity is clash of cultural interests, especially between minority and majority cultural groups, in response to which proponents of multiculturalism argue for minority rights and recognition for cultural minorities. But multiculturalism tends to over emphasize the “cultural self” at the expense of the “cultural other” culminating in cultural separatism. This thesis takes up, however, the argument that a healthy perception and understanding of ‘the …
Can the material for “The Effect of Sports Programme Sponsorship on the Corporate Image of Selected Organizations” be used as a guide for Education Project?
Yes it can be used — This study investigated the impact of sports programmes sponsorship on the corporate image of selected organization in Lagos State. A total of 100 sampled respondents were sourced from four (4) corporate organizations for the study. The descriptive design was adopted and structured questionnaire were used to collect data which was analyzed using descriptive statistics of simple percentage and analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed the following: Sports programme sponsorship significantly promotes the corporate image of selected organizations in Lagos State. Sponsorship of sport programme by corporate organization did not significantly increase product and or brand awareness. …
Can the material for “Performance of English Language Learners (ELL) in Integrated Science Through Sheltered Instruction” be used as a guide for Integrated Science Project?
Yes it can be used — Integrated science plays a vital role in Nigerian Science Education programme because it prepares pupils at the Junior Secondary School level for a study of core science subjects at Senior Secondary School level which in turns brings about students’ interest in science oriented courses at the tertiary institutions. The purpose of the study was to verify the impact of Sheltered Instruction on ELL’s performance in some concepts in integrated science, performance of male and female ELLS, their attitude to science and students perception of Sheltered Instruction as an instructional strategy. As an experimental research design, the study population comprised all junior secondary school two students in Lagos. Out of this population, two intact classes were drawn from Educational District 1, …
Can the material for “Microbiological Assessment of Indoor and Outdoor Air” be used as a guide for Microbiology Project?
Yes it can be used — This study was aimed at investigating the microbial load and the quality of indoor air Faith Mediplex Centre, Benin City, to ascertain their contribution to infection rate in the hospital. Air samples were assessed for three (3) months (June-August, 2015) using the settled plate methods. The study sites were divided into five (5) units; male medical ward, female medical ward, treatment room, operating theatre and outside the hospital gate. The result obtained reveal the isolation of six (6) bacterial isolates and four (4) fungal isolates which include Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus spp., Serrantia mercescen, Klebsiella spp., and Micrococcus spp. for the bacterial isolates, while the four (4) fungal isolates include Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium spp.and Candida albicans. The highest …
Can the material for “The Role of a Leader in the Achievement of the Organizational Objectives” be used as a guide for Banking and Finance (BF) Project?
Yes it can be used — A leader is one who is willing to work with zeal and confidence. Zeal here reflects other earnestness, experience and technical ability. The study was carried out to examine the role of a leader in the achievement of the organizational objectives using Access Bank PLC Enugu Main Branch as a case study. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to evaluate the roles of effective leadership in achieving organizational goals and objectives and investigate the factors that affect the roles of effective leadership in the achievement organizational goals. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain information from the respondents for this project. Primary data were collected from the …
Is the topic “Perception and Impact of Campus Dating Among Students” recommended for Sociology Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — This research was set out to thoroughly assess the perception and impact of campus dating among students of Federal University Dutsin-ma, Katsina State. The major objectives of this study were to: examine the nature of romantic relationship in Federal University Dutsin-ma; examine the perception of campus dating in Federal University Dutsin-ma; identify the social factors that facilitates dating amongst students; examine the positive and negative impacts of campus dating on students’ academic performance; and proffer suitable measures on ways to improve students’ academic performance. The study employed descriptive survey design and data was collected using questionnaire and interview.The findings revealed that, dating is a form of romantic relationship in which two people are emotionally and sexually attracted to each other. More …
Can the material for “Knowledge and Utilization of Contraceptive Services Among Female Students of Ambrose Alli University” be used as a guide for Guidance and Counselling Project?
Yes it can be used — Access to contraceptive has become increasingly crucial for adolescents because many are sexually active at earlier ages than in the past. This will further compound overall levels of maternal mortality in Nigeria tertiary institutions. Contraceptives are drugs or device used to prevent a woman from being pregnant and also used to protect men and women from sexually transmitted diseases. How can this be driven home is truth to our adolescences, utilized to reduce our teaming population and to reduce the diseases that are sexually transmitted. The project was done in March − July 2019. The main objective of this study was to examine the knowledge and utilization of contraceptive services among female students of Ambrose Alli University,Ekpoma Edo state. A …
Is the topic “Maintenance Cultural Practices and Performance of Nigeria Port Authority, Onne” recommended for Maritime and Transport Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — Maintenance culture defines the values, way of thinking, behaviour, perception, and the underlying assumptions of any person or group or society that considers maintenance as a matter that is important and practices it in their life. The study was carried out to evaluate the Maintenance Cultural Practices and Performance of Nigeria Port Authority, Onne. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to investigate the factors affecting the maintenance cultural practices of Onne seaport and determine the ways of enhancing the quality of Nigeria Port Authority Project through improved maintenance culture. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain information from the respondents for this project. A total of 133 …
Can the material for “Appraisal of the Accounting Framework in the Local Government System” be used as a guide for Accountancy / Accounting Project?
Yes it can be used — The management of public resources has always been a turbulent issue. This is precisely the heart of any governmental administration. Government business in whatever for, be it policies, programmes, activities or function is run in accordance with the laid down formalities. These formalities in the area of government accounting and financial control and procedures may include laws, rules and accepted norms certain financial memorandum of the local government system. The accounting framework regulates the account format for the preparation of government account in local government system in an instrument for introduction of new policies and guide lines, before inclusion into the financial regulation as a part of a more permanent code of regulation. It is used to aid the achievement …