THE VIABILITY OF AFRICAN SOLUTIONS TO AFRICAN PROBLEMS IN PEACE AND SECURITY
ABSTRACT
Africa’s history is of a struggle for self-determination; this quest for self determination has gone through different phases and has also taken different forms. In the aftermath of the end of the Cold War and the onset of a multi-polar world order in the 21st century, this struggle is best expressed in Africa’s quest for Pax-Africana, a peace ‘that is protected and maintained by Africa herself’. African Solutions to African Problems (AfSol) is a notion that bestows Africa the leading role in defining its problems and providing solutions as well. This research upholds the notion of AfSol as an extension of the ideas of Pan Africanism and African Nationalism; and hence with strong historical roots. The research investigated the viability of African Solutions to African Problems in the security realm with AU as an institutional mechanism by taking the 2011 Libyan crisis and the peacekeeping mission deployed in Somalia (AMISOM) since 2007 as case studies. The study explores the practical difficulties the Union has had in providing an African centered solution to the Libyan crisis at the initial levels of the conflict and with the Somalia case study the study examines the kind of difficulties the Union has faced with AMISOM by investigating how much of the mission’s agenda are home grown as it is funded by foreign donors. The study followed a qualitative approach. The data used in the research is a combination of data gathered through primary and secondary sources.
The AU is hampered by its own institutional and financial weaknesses in upholding AfSol in the peace and security realm and the study has pointed out unwarranted external intervention in the internal affairs of African states as a difficulty that is external to the Union’s genuine efforts in proving African centered solutions in conflict resolution. The Libyan crisis of 2011 is one where the Union has come up with a roadmap that has foreseen the challenges that any solution but political would be a failure as its genuine efforts were sidelined because of big power interest in Libya. This showed a case where the Union was not even allowed to take ownership of a crisis in providing African centered solutions in the continent. On the other hand AMISOM, hailed as a success story by some, is a case in point where even when some kind of African ownership is exercised yet African Solutions fall short as the mission is funded by external powers and they have a direct say on the kind of agenda being carried out by the mission. In conclusion the study hails the notion of African Solutions to African Problems as one with a great potential for providing a sustainable and lasting solutions to the peace and security challenges that hamper the development of the continent. The notion is still a work in progress but it shouldn’t be regarded as a ‘rhetoric’ as upon the institutional and financial strength of the AU; it’s one that could be achieved.
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
1.1. Background Of The Study
Africa is a conflict torn continent and the African Union (AU), primarily a peace and security actor, has been tasked with bringing peace and security to the continent. The organization initially came into being with a new mandate to manage conflict in the continent, for its predecessor the Organization of African Unity (OAU) failed to take matters on its own mainly because of its non-intervention principle. Non-indifference is the new approach that the AU has adopted. The Rwandan genocide of 1994 has been one of the factors that triggered in the transformation of the OAU to the AU with a quest to finding African Solutions to African Problems. Professor Amadou Sessay states that the establishment of the Peace and Security Architecture (APSA) by the AU shows the emphasis the organization is laying on local conflict prevention and management, and the ownership of processes as reflected in the Constitutive Act.1
Africa has been a victim of foreign intervention since the time of colonialism and even after more than 50 years of independence this intervention continues. Ferim Valery argues that for decades, African leaders and scholars alike have expressed concerns over foreign intervention in the internal affairs of African countries. They have decried humanitarian intervention as a neo-colonialist agenda propelled by self-interest.2 With the reality that compelled foreign intervention in the continent being one of self interest and not a real aspiration to help; Africans have felt the need for taking ownership of their own affairs. ‘African Solutions’ or ‘Try Africa First’ reflects the response of African leaders through their multilateral institutions − the OAU, and now the AU and RECs − to minimize as much as practicable, direct external powers involvement in African conflicts.
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
Procedure for Downloading the PDF (Docx) Material
The Viability of African Solutions to African Problems in Peace and Security can be downloaded by requesting the full set of materials at the project or seminar cost. The document will be sent via Microsoft Word (MS-Word) format via WhatsApp (e-mail) following payment confirmation.
| Seminar Material Cost ₦3,000 | Project Material Cost ₦5,000 |
Request Complete Material
 | Click here to request the Complete Material via WhatsApp including;
|
TABLE OF CONTENTSPRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Theoretical Framework
- ⋮
- 2.4 Empirical Studies
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of Study
- 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
- 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
- 3.9 Ethical Consideration
- 3.10 Statistical Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of Findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "The Viability of African Solutions to African Problems in Peace and Security" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
PRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Theoretical Framework
- ⋮
- 2.4 Empirical Studies
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of Study
- 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
- 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
- 3.9 Ethical Consideration
- 3.10 Statistical Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of Findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "The Viability of African Solutions to African Problems in Peace and Security" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can this topic “The Impact of Motivational Policies of Employee Performance” be used for Business Administration and Management (BAM) Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — This research project examined the impact of motivational policies on employees performance in Dangote Cement Company, Calabar. The study adopted the research survey design, where a sample size of 50 respondents was randomly selected to participate in the study. Results from data analysis revealed that motivational policies have an impact on job performance of employees. The study also revealed that motivational policies, job security, conducive working environment, promotion and welfare really enhance industrial peace and stimulate organizational output and job performance. Therefore, employees should be made to realize the importance of hard work by regularly rewarding those that have proven themselves in such regard, while the lazy ones should remain at their level without promotion. …
Can this topic “Perception of Students on the Causes and Effects of Mathematics Anxiety Among Students of Tertiary Institutions” be used for Integrated Science Education Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — Mathematical anxiety is situations that happen to some people when facing a mathematical problem. The study was carried out to examine the Perception of Students on the Causes and Effects of Mathematics Anxiety Among Students of Tertiary Institutions. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to examine the perception of students on the causes of mathematics anxiety among students of tertiary institutions and find out how anxiety affect students’ learning and academic achievements. Investigation revealed that larger number of students tends to choose non mathematics related courses while seeking admission to higher institutions. The number of students offering non mathematics related courses in higher institution is more than ten times the number offering mathematics related courses. …
Is the topic “A Semantic Analysis of T-Shirt Inscriptions” recommended for English Language Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — This study examined the Semantic Analysis of T-shirt Inscriptions under the following perspectives: education, politics, advertisement and religion. It reviewed some scholar’s works on the concepts of Semantics, Graphology and Inscriptions. The method and procedures involved in the evaluation of the stated objectives of the research work included random sampling with the use of questionnaires which were distributed to twenty people who wear T-Shirt’s with educational, politics, religion and advertisement inscriptions in Lagos State – (Ifako-Ijaiye Local Government). The results of the findings of the four hypotheses generated were tested and the results were positive responses. This research work has therefore revealed the salient features of T¬-Shirt inscriptions in human endeavor. To this end, T-shirt with inscriptions under the aforementioned …
Can the material for “Design and Implementation of an Online Presentation System That Would Enlighten Users on How to Make Cream, Soap, Perfume, Bake and Chemicals” be used as a guide for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be used — An online entrepreneurship presentation system is an online system that facilitates the teaching of knowledge and a skill that enables students to plan, start and run their own business. The aim of the study is to design and implement an Online Presentation System that would enlighten users on how to make cream, soap, perfume, bake and chemicals (insecticide). In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to develop an application software that will provide a web based system for entrepreneurship and innovation to fight against unemployment and help in the fight against students’ poor academic performance. The motivation that led to the implementation of the proposed system is that Nigeria graduates are faced with unemployment, …
Can this topic “Sustainable Consumption and the Importance of Neighbourhood” be used for Environmental Science Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — The study determines the Sustainable Consumption in Nigeria economy. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to promote the re-use of and recycling of packaging and products to reduce solid waste and hazardous waste, encourage companies to incorporate social, cultural and environmental dimensions in their production and management processes and better management of the whole life cycle of products, and ensure the right to information and promotion of environmental labeling and certification. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain information from the respondents for this project. A total of 133 (one hundred and thirty three) respondents were selected for this study to represent the entire population of the …
Can the material for “Computerized Departmental Course Scheduling and Allocation” be used as a guide for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be used — Basically, it can be discovered that there are heaps of files, available space in the office of the Head of Computer Science Department, slowing down his or her work, making the place untidy and even frightening him from tasks to be accomplished, but it should not be so in this era or period of paperless office brought in the use of computer system. Firstly, I have taken the share of untidiness by developing designing and application packaging that would aid him is allocation of course to the different programs that are offered at the department. Consequently, my project is restricted 40 course allocation their time table where research show that some course are allocated on the first semester and second …
Is the topic “The Impact of Federal Government Tax Policies on Nigerian Economy 1995-2003” recommended for Banking and Finance (BF) Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — The purpose of writing this research works. The impact of federal government tax policies on the Nigerian Economy, is determine whether the federal government tax policies in Nigeria has contributed immensely to the overall growth of the economy. It also seeks to investigation on the extent the polices of federal government tax has helped in revenue generation and allocation. The literature review gave a background and in depth in the country and also the various policies banking them. The decision made on this work was derived based on the test conducted. The chi-square was used in testing the hypothesis while frequency tables and percentage were used in analyzing the data. The decisions were that the federal government tax policies is actually a …
Can the material for “Grammatical Errors in Secondary School Students’ English Essays” be used as a guide for English Language Project?
Yes it can be used — Grammatical error is one of the problems faced by students in writing. The study was carried out to scrutinize the Grammatical Errors in Secondary School Students' English Essay. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to identify the errors in the essays of the students, classify the errors identified into types and find out and explain the possible causes of the errors. This Research Work focused on the grammatical errors in the English essays of Secondary Schools Students. The research was conducted on essays written by fifty (50) Students of the above school. The analysis of the essays revealed the deficiencies of some of the Students in using English tense. In the use of the present …
Can the material for “The Impact of Professional Development of English Language Teachers on Students Outcomes in Secondary Schools” be used as a guide for English Education Project?
Yes it can be used — The study was carried out to examine the Impact of Professional Development of English Language Teachers on Students Outcomes in Secondary Schools. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to find out whether there is difference between English Language teachers’ experience and students’ academic performance and find out whether English Language teachers’ mastery of content affects students’ academic achievements in schools. Investigation revealed that the teachers’ negative attitudes, poor personality, inexperience, poor classroom management, poor personal hygiene, poor teacher-student relationship, lack of communicative skills and poor judgments in the classrooms, contribute greatly to the poor academic achievement of students in English language in the schools. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing …
Can the material for “The Effect of Indirect Taxation on Consumption in Nigeria” be used as a guide for Accountancy / Accounting Project?
Yes it can be used — Tax has been one of the major revenue sources in Nigeria. The taxes paid come back to the taxpayers in the form of social amenities. However experience has shown that most Nigerians (both individual and corporate citizens) avoid or evade tax obligation for reason that it negatively affects their consumption. The study was carried out to critically assess the effect of indirect tax on consumption of goods and services in Nigeria. Sample survey design was adopted and instrument used for data collection was structured questionnaire. The population of the study consists of 60 residents in Enugu North Local Government Area. Taro Yamane (1964) formula was used to determine the sample size of 52. Data was presented using frequency and simple …