THE SUITABILITY OF EGG SHELL AND SNAIL SHELL WASTE AS LOCAL MATERIAL IN IMPROVING THE PH OF MUD
ABSTRACT
This study is concerned with enhancing the pH of drilling mud using egg shell and snail shell as local additives for the substitution of imported chemicals such as potassium hydroxide (KOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The aim and objective of this work is to investigate the suitability of egg shell and snail shell waste as local materials in improving the Ph of mud. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were set out to examine the laboratory the suitability of egg shell waste as local materials in improving the pH of mud, investigate the laboratory the suitability of snail shell waste as local materials in improving the pH of mud, and investigate the suitability of egg shell and snail shell as local additives to enhance and improve the pH and density of water based mud, as both materials are biodegradable and easily accessible. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain information from the respondents for this project. Primary data were collected from the primary source which questionnaire was used as an instrument of data collection while secondary data were sources from textbooks, journals, newspapers and the internet were employed. The data were presented on a frequency distribution table and analyzed using simple percentage, while hypothesis was tested using chi-square test. Drilling mud additives are chemicals added to drilling mud in order to change the mud properties and composition. However, many efforts have been devoted to drilling mud formulation mainly to enhance the quality and function of drilling muds, as well as to comply with the more stringent laws on environmental pollution or marine contamination. This study will be of immense benefit to other researchers who intend to know more on this study and can also be used by non-researchers to build more on their research work.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction
… This chapter will address the background information that motivated this study, the challenges that prompted it, its aim, and its objectives as a preface to subsequent sections of the study. Additional factors include the study's significance, scope, limitations, research questions and hypotheses, and the definition of technical terms.
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
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