SOLAR TECHNOLOGY: AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF ENERGY FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
ABSTRACT
This research was carried out to understand Solar Technology: an Alternative Source of Energy for National Development. The study was based on the pursuance of basic objectives to ascertain the present state of power generation and supply in Nigeria, to examine the possibility of reviving the energy sector of Nigeria, highlight the advantages of solar technology as it affects national development. In essence the study sets out to contribute to the advancement of knowledge on solar energy in Nigeria as an alternative power supply for national development. The quantitative research technique was utilized during the course of the study. The research explores the historical development of solar energy. It further highlighted solar energy and its applicability and the solar thermal technology. It is important to note that for Nigerian to have a stable power supply, solar energy should be use as an alternative source of power. It is imperative to know that if Nigerian hopes to develop her economy, government should develop solar energy power plant across the nation. Universities should also be encouraged to undergo researches into solar technology. The government should introduce solar in the science curriculum in Nigeria schools at all levels.
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
1.1 Background To The Study
1. The development of a nation brings an effective transformation of its socio-political, economic, cultural, technology and industrial bases. More so, within the particular conception of socio-economic processes which underscores every economic system, economic development, globally, resolves around the issues of the character, structure, pattern and evolution of desirable inter-personal relations of production, allocation and utilization of available resources in any country.1
2. In order to achieve these and put national development on course, modern operational technologies with respect to production, allocation and utilization is designed and tied strictly to the use of energy in one form or the other.2 Based on the above, it is seen that the quest to rapidly and firmly put the Nigerian state on course of sustainable development is technically a function of adequate and sustained supply and distribution of energy. According to the present Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria, Sanusi, the Nigeria economy will continue to take a wrong course until the power sector of the nation is put on the right track.3 This underlines the need of an adequate supply of energy to the nation in general and the industrial sector in particular.
3. The above synopsis indeed, explain the major reason why one of the frustrating and disturbing issue in Nigeria national development today is that of epileptic power supply particularly since the late 1980’s. The situation of the emerging electricity outrage from the supply inadequacy, especially in the late 1990’s was that of persistent electricity power shortage at alarming rates.4 This is in the face of abundant primary electricity resources- coal, natural gas, geothermal, tide, solar, biogas, and biomass to mention but the few. This period was a period that could by tagged the “Dark days” in Nigeria.
4.Apart from economic and political crisis that grounded socio-political and economic activities in the country, the period of the 1990s was defined as a period of serious electricity crisis. This period was also tagged to be a crucial or decisive moment; an undesirable turning point; a time of difficulty and distress. To cap it, the ugly situation of electricity shortages and inadequacy shows the emergence of a crisis situation in which electricity supply could not catch up with its high demand. The use and need of alternative power generators then becomes the order of the day. The use of generators has however cost the nation in ways of air pollution in the form of carbon monoxide which has resulted to death especially of member of households. Some other cost has been noise pollution, and the expensive cost of maintaining some of these generators which has at one time or the other stalled industrial production and high cost of production.5
5. This has thus created the need for other safer and less expensive alternatives of power supply. The adoption of solar energy as an alternative power supply then becomes most necessary. This involves the use of lenses or mirrors and tracking system to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam and then converts light into electric current using the photo electric effect, while PV is a device that converts light into electric current using the photo electric effect.6
6. Solar power has great potential. In 2008, solar power supplied about 0.02% of the world total energy supply.7 The technology is now been popular following the energy crisis that engulfed that world system in the 1990’s. There are many competing technologies, including fourteen types of photo electric cells, such as thin film, mono crystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, and amorphous cells, as well as multiple types of concentrating solar power. This creates the bases for many alternatives and options even in the solar power energy technology.
7.The adoption of solar technology in Nigeria especially in recent times has been rather dramatic with its increasing role especially in household usage. The Nigerian Conservation Foundation (NCF) director, Dr. Onyebuci Onyegbule, in a fundraising expressed that the NCF considered the introduction of Photo Voltaic (PV) technology a necessity. The consensus was that GWU Solar should consider rural communities by fabricating small power machines for agriculture, the running of cottage industries, and the introduction of demonstration centres for raising awareness.8
8. The tropical climate makes solar energy the most viable alternative source of renewable energy in Nigeria. Harnessing the sun’s energy to produce power is an imperative for rural areas where the hope of being connected to the national grid is very remote and extremely expensive. It is however unfortunate that in spite of the inherent high potentials for solar technology in Nigeria and the immense benefits of the use of solar technology Nigeria is yet to take full advantage it.
1.2 Statement Of Problem
9. It is a fact that the quest for national development in Nigeria relies heavily on the need for a sustainable power supply. Nigeria been a country with a lot of potentials and resources stands a chance to acquire such sustainable power supply. However the country still battles with the high rate of power outages which has not only crippled the business environment of the nation but has also discouraged foreign investment. The development of Nigeria however relies heavily on investment in the industrial sector which in turn is dependent upon a sustainable and adequate power supply in the nation.
10. The household sector has also suffered greatly from the power problem in Nigeria. Power supply in some areas in Nigeria remains a mirage as people continue to seek for alternative power supply for their homes and small businesses. One of such alternative power supply which however has not been fully tapped is the solar energy. Based on the foregoing, this study seeks to proffer answers to the following:
- What is the present state of power generation and supply in the country?
- Can the energy sector in Nigeria be revived?
- Can solar energy be an alternative to the present source of energy in Nigeria?
- What are the advantages of solar technology as it affects National development?
1.3 Objectives Of The Study
11. The general objective of this study is to examine the possibility of using solar technology as an alternative source of energy for Nigeria national development. Specifically, the study will achieve the following objectives:
- Examine the present state of power generation and supply in Nigeria.
- Examine the possibility of reviving the energy sector of Nigeria.
- Consider the use of solar energy as an alternative source of energy for National development in Nigeria.
- Highlight the advantages of solar technology as it affects national development.
1.4 Significance Of The Study
12. The importance of this study is underscored by the fact that it would contribute to the advancement of knowledge on solar energy in Nigeria as an alternative power supply for National development. The investigations in this study will also assist Government agencies particularly the Ministry of Power and Energy to appreciate the significance of solar technology in enhancing National development. It will further help in stimulating further research on the solar energy as an alternative power supply. It is also hoped that the study will add to existing literature and body of knowledge on the interrelationship between the concepts of energy supply and National development. It will also provide material for future studies on this topic.
1.5 Scope Of The Study
13. The issue of the adoption of solar energy as an alternative power supply in Nigeria has been ongoing for a while now. This has led to projects and programmes which have been introduced in Nigeria Since the inception of democracy in Nigeria in 1999, different states in the federation have implemented several measures in developing the power.
14. In the course of this study, only relevant literature on this topic from the periods of 1999 to 2010 will be referred to. This is because of the need to make the study familiar to current leadership who has been key players in the formulation of existing policies.
1.6 Limitations
15. A major limitation is the dependence of this study on secondary data to analyse the problems in the study. Although the data used was from reputable agencies and bodies, the authenticity of their findings might not be insulated from bias. This however did affect the quality of research carried out as the researcher adopted proper and comparative analysis in arriving at a veritable research work.
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
Procedure for Downloading the PDF (Docx) Material
Solar Technology: An Alternative Source of Energy for National Development can be downloaded by requesting the full set of materials at the project or seminar cost. The document will be sent via Microsoft Word (MS-Word) format via WhatsApp (e-mail) following payment confirmation.
| Seminar Material Cost ₦3,000 | Project Material Cost ₦5,000 |
Request Complete Material
 | Click here to request the Complete Material via WhatsApp including;
|
TABLE OF CONTENTSPRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Theoretical Framework
- ⋮
- 2.4 Empirical Studies
- 2.5 Research Gaps
- 2.6 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of Study
- 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
- 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
- 3.9 Ethical Consideration
- 3.10 Statistical Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of Findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Solar Technology: An Alternative Source of Energy for National Development" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
PRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Theoretical Framework
- ⋮
- 2.4 Empirical Studies
- 2.5 Research Gaps
- 2.6 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of Study
- 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
- 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
- 3.9 Ethical Consideration
- 3.10 Statistical Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of Findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Solar Technology: An Alternative Source of Energy for National Development" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can this topic “The Relationship Between Dietary Supplements and Optimum Performance in Sports” be used for Sports Science Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — Sports can be termed as well organized and institutionalized physical activities with structured programmes governed with rules and regulations. The aim of the research work is to examine the relationship between dietary supplement and optimum performance in sports among athletes in Delta State Sports Council. In achieving this aim, the specific objectives were laid out to find out the relationship between dietary supplement and endurance, composition, optimum speed, reduced fatigue, and flexibility. Athletes carry a lot of performance pressure and want to be competitive hence are pronged into frequent intake of dietary supplements. Due to the lack of regulations and the increasing consumption of supplements, it is very important to understand behavioral factors that may influence the consumption of these …
Can the material for “Antibiotic Effects of Momordica Charantia and its Medicinal Potency” be used as a guide for Microbiology Project?
Yes it can be used — Antibiotics are powerful medicines that fight certain infections and can save lives when used properly. Momordica charantia (bitter melon) is a popular plant used for the treating of bacterial-related conditions amongst the indigenous populations of Asia, South America, India, the Caribbean and East Africa. The aim of the study is to identify the Antibiotic effects of Momordica charantia (bitter melon) and its medicinal potency. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to determine the Medicinal Properties of Momordica charantia, identify the anti-biotic Effect of Momordica Charantia, exmine the possible modes of action of Momordica Charantia and its Extract, and determine the preservative measures of pancreatic β Cells and Insulin Secretion. One plant that has received the …
Can the material for “Role of Local Government in Economic Development of Nigeria” be used as a guide for Public Administration (PA) Project?
Yes it can be used — In this research work the researcher intended to have a general discussion with local government as my background. But lack of space may not allow me for detailed discussion an analysis. However all essential part of the role of local government in economic development of Nigeria are discussed. In chapter one I discussed the background the problems objective research question significance scope limitations definition of major terms and the references. In chapter two contains review of related literature local government and economic development process history of local government in Nigeria and references. Furthermore chapter three contains collection of data presentation of data analysis of data and references. Finally chapter four contains summary of finding recommendation conclusion. …
Can the material for “Window Access Control System: Its Design and Implementation” be used as a guide for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be used — Window access control refers to a type of access control which the operating system constrains the ability of a subject or initiator to access or generally perform some sort of operation on an object or target. The aim of the study is to design and implement a Window Access Control System. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to develop an application software that will provide and to promote the level of security measure in an organization and in individual household and Protect the computer from been access in such a way that intruders are not given a bit chance to introduce themselves to the computer system. The motivation that led to the implementation …
Can the material for “Evaluation of the Impact of Management Crisis in Nigeria Financial Institutions” be used as a guide for Banking and Finance (BF) Project?
Yes it can be used — Sequel to the growing rare of economic activities and the consequent need to meet up with the expanding roles of financial institutions, the equally increased rate of management crisis has equally generated an alarming level of disturbance to the global financial world. The issue of increased level of production and the resultant nationalization of the economy gave room for the level of management crisis being experienced today in our financial institutions. The promise under which these factors are persuasive are examined by the investigation. These inherent crisis will no doubt continue to contribute to management crisis in our financial institution if not checked. The second premise is that of technological advancement, which came with it, computer, electronic transfer and so on. The fraudulent …
Can the material for “Design and Implementation of a Distributed Database System for National Electoral Commission to Check Double Registration and Voting During Election” be used as a guide for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be used — Distributed Databases Systems are a set of logically networked computer databases, managed by different sites and appearing to the user as a single database. The aim of the study is to design and implement a Distributed Database System for National Electoral Commission to Check Double Registration and Voting during Election. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to develop an application software that will provide a user friendly interface for the administrator and electorate to easily cast their votes and automatically check-mate and detect double voting and registration during election. The motivation that led to the implementation of the proposed system is that, there is double registration of people, double voting during election and poor …
Can the material for “Cattle Ranching in Nigeria: Problems and Solution” be used as a guide for Agricultural Engineering (AE) Project?
Yes it can be used — Pastoralism is the most traditional of ruminant livestock production systems in which extensive movement of the animals in search of pastures and water is its salient feature. Whereas the system is adapted to exploit the dry, arid climatic zone, it often overlaps into wetter, agricultural land, occasionally ending up into violent conflicts. Ranching is practically the intensive form of pastoralism but it has a weakness of being seen as antisocial and needing high initial capital. Whatever other truly improved system of exploiting the pastoral agro-ecosystem, it seems it seldom can indict sedentarized tendencies and rarely can it be less intensive than ranching. This study investigate the problems and prospect of cattle ranching in Nigeria. …
Can the material for “Unemployment and Reaction of Parents Towards Their Children Education” be used as a guide for Education Project?
Yes it can be used — The aim of the research is to find out the reactions of parents towards their children’s education in view of the present level of unemployment opportunities in Wamakko Local Government area of Sokoto state. It will seek to find out whether parents consider education nowadays as a waste of human and financial resources in view Of unemployment problem. In addition, this research will investigate whether parents attach any importance to the education of their female children in view of present unemployment problems. It will further seek to know unemployment has effect on parental view as regards the type of courses children will read. In order to find out all these problems, the researchers will formulate questionnaires for the parents to …
Can this topic “The Impact of Nonoil Export on Economic Growth in Nigeria (1986-2010)” be used for Economics Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — The essence of this work has been to determine the effect of non-oil export on economic growth in Nigeria, during the period of 1986-2010. In carrying out this study, secondary data were collected and empirical analysis was made. To achieve these objectives, multiple regressions were used in analyzing the data. The empirical results reveal that non-oil export is statistically significant to Nigeria economic growth. On the other hand, oil export also has been significant to Nigeria Economic growth of the non-oil export while government expenditure (GEX) has not been significant to Nigeria’s economic growth of the non-oil exports. Following this, some recommendations which include encouraging financial institutions, improving in data collection and banking, efficient allocation and use of resources, government base …
Can the material for “Estimate of Marine Salt Behavior around the Bridge Structures” be used as a guide for Marine Engineering Project?
Yes it can be used — Bridge structure is structural element which is constructed by means of concrete ingredients in salty water which can easily corrosion in bridge which result is reducing strength due to corrosion of reinforcement in order to prevent and overcome the damage by increasing the concrete cover and concrete quality requirements and prevent the corrosion. The study was carried out to investigate the estimate of marine salt behavior around the bridge structures. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to evaluate the cost analysis of bridge structure mix design, investigate the factors instigating marine salt behavior during bridge structure development and examine the marine salt behavior inhibiting the construction of bridge structures. The development of chloride penetration models …