PRODUCTION AND EVALUATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM GROUNDNUT SHELL FOR ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
ABSTRACT
Activated carbon was produced from groundnut shells by acid activation method at temperature of 600oC. The effects of carbonization and acid impregnation time on the adsorption potential of the activated carbons on adsorption of iron and lead from river water was examined. The results show that the concentrations of iron and lead before purification are 1.84mg/l and 0.05mg/l respectively. After purification lead was not detected in any of the samples while the concentrations of iron reduced from 1.84mg/l to 0.29mg/l. Thus, this study showed that activated carbon produced from groundnut shell is suitable for the adsorption of metal ions and as such could be used as a cost effective adsorbent in the treatment of waste water.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Environmental pollution
Environmental pollution is a problem both in developed and developing countries urbanization such as population growth and urbanization invariably place greater demands on the planet and stretch the use of natural resources to the maximum. It has been argued that the carrying capacity of Earth is significantly smaller than the demands placed on it by large numbers of human populations and overuse of natural resources often results in nature's degradation (G. Aranobich and Donolwe, 1998).
Environmental Studies
Is a multidisciplinary academic field which systematically studies human interaction with the environment in the interests of solving complex problems. Environmental studies bring together the principles of sciences, Commerce/Economics and Social Sciences so as solve contemporary environmental problems. It is a broad field of study that includes also the natural environment, built environment, and the sets of relationships them. The field encompasses study in basic principles of solve contemporary environmental problems. It is a broad field of study includes also the natural environment, built environment, and the sets of relationships between them. The field encompasses study in basic principles of ecology and environmental science, as well as associated subjects such as ethics, geography, policy, politics, law, economics, philosophy, environmental sociology and environmental justice, planning pollution control and natural resource management. Ecology and environmental science, as well as associated subjects such as ethics, geography, policy, politics, law, economics, philosophy, environmental sociology and environmental justice, planning, pollution control and natural resource management.
1.2 Aims and Objectives
The aims and objectives of this research work include the following:
- To produce activated carbon from Groundnut shell.
- To characterized ash and moisture content from Groundnut shell.
- To characterized volatile matter and fixed carbon.
- To Determine adsorption capacity.
1.3 Motivation of the Work
Rapid industrialization has cumulatively increased the problem of drinking water scarcity and the demand for contaminated free water for daily consumption. A typical problem of chromium contamination in water is faced by the residents of baysla area in port-court district of Nigeria. It has been included in the list of world's top ten polluted places.
1.4 Importance of the Work
Over the last few decades, adsorption has gained importance as a purification, separation and recovery process on an industrial scale Activated carbon is perhaps one of the most widely used adsorbents in industry for environmental application. Activated carbons are carbons of highly microporous structure with internal surface area and porosity. Any cheap material with a high carbon content, low inorganic can be used as a raw material for the production of activated carbon (Basal et al, 1988).
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
Procedure for Downloading the PDF (Docx) Material
Production and Evaluation of Activated Carbon From Groundnut Shell for Economic and Environmental Sustainability can be downloaded by requesting the full set of materials at the project or seminar cost. The document will be sent via Microsoft Word (MS-Word) format via WhatsApp (e-mail) following payment confirmation.
| Seminar Material Cost ₦3,000 | Project Material Cost ₦5,000 |
Request Complete Material
 | Click here to request the Complete Material via WhatsApp including;
|
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Production and Evaluation of Activated Carbon From Groundnut Shell for Economic and Environmental Sustainability" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can the material for “Tariff Management Software” be used as a guide for Management Project?
Yes it can be used — Tariff management software system is the process of managing, organizing, billing and collecting of finances from an individual, sole proprietor and partnership business owner in a stipulated period of time. Tariff is a compulsory levy imposed on the income or profit of an individual, partnership and corporate organizations for the financing of government expenditure without recourse to a corresponding benefit from Tariff payer. Tariff management provides freeform creation of Tariff controls that will be applied to orders. This research work is aimed at appraising the Tariff collection system in Nigeria taking Federal Inland Revenue Service as a case study. It reviewed the old system, the reasons why a new idea muffed. The operations of the new method were also explained …
Can this topic “Industrialization and Rural Development” be used for Public Administration (PA) Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — The rural sector of Nigeria has not witnessed significant level of development in the past 56 years of the nation’s independence. This is evidenced in the apparent lack of basic infrastructure facilities and abysmal poor quality of life in the rural areas. This situation is so in spite of the contribution of the rural areas to the overall national development. This research work, thus examines how the process of industrialization in rural areas, could foster the development in Nigeria hinterland. It pays particular attention to rural communities in Ideato North Local Government of Imo State. In gathering the data for the study, we relied on primary and secondary sources of information. And adopted descriptive method of research in our analysis. …
Can the material for “Effect of Demonstration and Project Methods of Teaching on Students’ Achievement and Interest in Some Graph Related Concepts in Economics” be used as a guide for Education Project?
Yes it can be used — The main purpose of the study was to determine the effect of demonstration and project method of teaching on students’ achievement and interest in some graph related concepts in Economics. The problem that necessitated the study is students’ low achievement in Economics as reported by research. The review of literature was carried out under three broad headings namely conceptual framework, theoretical framework and empirical studies. The study adopted quasi-experimental design − a non-equivalent control group design. The population of the study comprised of all SS II students in Ikeduru local Government area in Imo state. The researcher sampled two intact classes out of which one was taught using demonstration teaching method while the other class was taught using project method. Two …
Can this topic “Design and Implementation of Automated Tax Management System in Board of Internal Revenue” be used for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — Automated tax management is a system that provides freeform creation of Tax controls that will be applies to orders. Tax is a common source of income generation for financing government activities. The aim of the study is to design and implement an Automated Tax Management System in Board of Internal Revenue. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to develop an application software that will create a well-arranged database and to implement strong security of the system for data security and provide registration, payment processing and tax filing facility for individuals and businesses. The motivation that led to the implementation of the proposed system is that due to the manual process of collection of …
Can the material for “The Impact of Educational Technology on Vocational and Technical Education” be used as a guide for Vocational and Technical Education Project?
Yes it can be used — This study investigate “The Impact of Education Technology in Vocational and Technical Programmes in Nigerian Colleges of Education” In order to achieve maximum level of accuracy and give a fair treatment to the problems unclear, the researcher adopted a method of data collection with the use of questionnaire the population sample was drawn for the student of vocational education, the total population used for the research was fifty (50) students. Educational technology serves as basis for vocational training that makes student to be self reliance and employers of labour and also teaching and learning of vocational skills is not completed without the use of educational technology. …
Can the material for “Problems of Local Government” be used as a guide for Public Administration (PA) Project?
Yes it can be used — This research work was undertaken to find various sources of revenue generation and the problem associated with the collection of the revenue in local government in Nigeria. Another objective of the project was also to find whether or not the federal allocation to local government areas was adequate and also the extent of resource adequacy, staff welfare affect revenue generation in Enugu North Local government area. To guide this study, four research questions, a review of literature was evolved to broaden the research knowledge on what others have already done in the area for a realistic conclusion for the study. A questionnaire was developed and administered personally by the researcher to 50 staff of Enugu North Local government (20 senior staff and …
Can the material for “Bank Product Development and Its Impact on Profitability in Banking Industry” be used as a guide for Banking and Finance (BF) Project?
Yes it can be used — Banking Industry has to be good at developing banking products. The product life cycle presents two major challenges, First, because all products eventually decline, the bank must find bank products to replace the declining one. Faced with this situation banks have to compete more aggressively with one another to get a better market share has good business volume. Banks now realize that the good old days of the “seller market” which they have enjoyed during the oil boom period and the days of free fund from importers known as cash cover are all over. The main objective of the study is to examine bank product development and its impact on profitability in banks with reference to bank PHB Nigeria Plc. …
Can the material for “Design and Implementation of an Internet Based Admission Screening Examination System” be used as a guide for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be used — An admission screening examination is an examination that many educational institutions use to select students for admission. The aim of the study is to Design and Implementation of an Internet Based Admission Screening Examination System using Lens Polytechnic in Kwara State Offa as a case study. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to design and develop an application software that will create strong and secrete data base that allow for any connection in a secret way and prevention of exam malpractices by applying strict timing possibility for each question and marking of questions immediately, The student fear of been marked down is eradicated and sorting practice is reduced. The motivation that led to the …
Is the topic “Motivational Strategies and Their Impact on Productivity” recommended for Business Administration and Management (BAM) Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — The study sought to find out the motivational strategies and its impact on productivity The purpose of the study is to provide effective motivational strategies for organizations to use to motivate employees, to improve and increase productivity in organizations.The Literature review enables us to understand the various theories on motivation and the effect have on productivity The researcher developed a questionnaire to collect primary data regarding what will make employees perform and increase productivity. The study was conducted by collecting data from sample of 80 respondents selected from the target population using questionnaire The data was analyzed using frequencies and percentage distribution. It was established that staff of Ghana Airports Company are being motivated but management need to deploy the …
Is the topic “Motivating Labour Force for Higher Productivity” recommended for Business Administration and Management (BAM) Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — This project looked into motivating labour force for higher productivity using Zenith Bank Plc as a case study. Five research questions were formulated for the study all derived from the objective of the study. Questionnaire was used to gather data from thirty (30) respondents in Zenith Bank Plc, based on the research questions drown for the study. No sampling method was adopted as the population studied was manageable. Simple percentage method was used to analyze the data collected. The study revealed that motivation is a goal-oriented behaviour as it drives to higher productivity. Employees can be motivated through many ways in order to get the best in them. This can be done by identifying what constitutes the employees needs. The …