EFFECT OF OIL TYPES ON THE PHYSIO-CHEMICAL AND ORGANOLEPTIC QUALITIES OF AKARA
ABSTRACT
Akara is a tasty snack enjoyed by different sections of the population. This project investigated the effect of oil type on the sensory and chemical properties of akara produced from three different oil samples. The cowpea samples were soaked, washed, dehulled, grind, mixed with ingredients, and fried in the various oil samples. The results of sensory evaluation and proximate analysis indicate a level of significant difference, with WOW, XOX and YOY having the following results Protein 10.39a, 9.36b, 9.26b, fat: 22.72b, 27.85a, 26.56a, Ash: 1.86ac, 1.74bc, 2.06a, Fibre: 3.27a, 3.3a, 3.18a, moisture 50.33b, 51.76b, 7.33b respectively, also sample Wow showed the most significant difference amongst the samples on the basis of organoleptic property.
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
1.0. Background Of The Study
The word Akara is Yoruba. In West Africa they call it Akara, in North West Africa and Ghana they call it Kose which is still Akara. Akara is called Akareje in Bahia and Brazil. Akara is “food” for the God’s. In Yoruba mythology and religion many deities and divinities eat Akara. Most of these deities are personified. Orisa Ibeje (goddess of twins) eats Akara, Ogun (god of Iron) eats Akara. Obatala (god of creation) eats Akara sangos (god of thunder) eats Akara. Olokun (goddess of the sea) eats Akara. Orunmiula (the custodian and the father of all divinities) eats Akara. Over 500 million West African eat Akara. Daily Akara is gluten free, dairy free and vegan friendly. The context of the sacred diet which Akara constitutes the ingredients most be pure. (www.tribaltastes.com).
Akara (Black eyed pea fritters) vigna-unguiculata, usually called cowpeas in English speaking Africa, also called China beans, and black eyed beans) are native to Asia, the middle East, and perhaps Africa. They were cultivated in the mediterranean region in ancient times, and have been grown all over Africa for centuries. In Western Africa they are used to make a batter from which fritters are made. These fritters (known as accra, akara, akla, binch akara, bean balls, kosai, koose, kose, koose and kwasi) are commonly prepared at home for breakfast, for snacks, or as an appetizer or side dish. They are also fast food, sold by vendors on the street in market places and at bus stations. The same recipe, with a very similar name is also known in the carribbean (www.congocookbook.com).
1.1. Aim And Objectives
AIM:
To assess the effect of oil types on the pysiochemical and sensory properties of fried bean balls (Akara).
Objectives:
To determine the physiochemcial properties of fried bean balls (akara) such as the
- Crude fibre
- Crude protein
- Moisture
- Carbohydrate
- Ash
- Fat
To determine the sensory quality of “akara” obtained from the use of PALM KERNEL OIL, GROUNDNUT OIL and SOYBEAN OIL in terms of the Colour, Aroma and Taste
1.2. Justification Of The Study
Although this research is a requirement for the award of higher national diploma, this study is also targeted at discovering the effects of different types of frying oil on the physiochemical properties of fried beans balls (a product which is usually or readily consumed by students as a tasty snack).
It also focuses on the prediction of the acceptability of the product based on the acceptance of that obtained from an oil type, which will eventually transform the economic life of the retail snack sellers.
It also intends to determine the health risk possibility on the part of the consumers of “akara” produced from an oil types.
1.3. Scope Of The Study
This work covers the processing of beans into processed beans cake. It also encircles the analyses of the products to investigate the physical, chemical and sensory properties (sensory appeal) of the products as a means to determining the type of oil which is best for making “akara”.
This work, however, does not encompass the investigation of the shelflife of the products it also does not involve scaling up of the composition of the bean slurry (ie extra addition of other ingredients apart form the conventional ones) to produce a new “akara” taste.
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
Procedure for Downloading the PDF (Docx) Material
Effect of Oil Types on the Physio-Chemical and Organoleptic Qualities of Akara can be downloaded by requesting the full set of materials at the project or seminar cost. The document will be sent via Microsoft Word (MS-Word) format via WhatsApp (e-mail) following payment confirmation.
| Seminar Material Cost ₦3,000 | Project Material Cost ₦5,000 |
Request Complete Material
 | Click here to request the Complete Material via WhatsApp including;
|
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Effect of Oil Types on the Physio-Chemical and Organoleptic Qualities of Akara" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can the material for “The Impact of Trade Liberalization on Manufacturing Sector in Nigeria” be used as a guide for Economics Project?
Yes it can be used — This research work studies trade liberalization how it was put place to rationalize the use of scarce resources to sustain Pareto optimality perspectives and promote efficiency in the development of manufacturing sector in Nigeria. However, the main aim and objectives of the study is to analyze the importance of trade liberalization coupled with the challenges being faced in development of manufacturing sector in Nigeria, and this is achieved through the analysis of measure like exchange rate liberalization. The problems identified with the study include the low capacity of Nigeria manufacturing sector in processing of raw materials. The analytical techniques used are regression analysis which shows positive correlation between the Dependent variable (GDP) and independent variables (inflation rates and average capacity utilization, net import. The …
Can the material for “Mobile Application for Electronic Voting for Student Union Government (SUG)” be used as a guide for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be used — Electronic voting refers to the option of using electronic means to vote in referendums and elections. E-Voting is an election system that allows a voter to record his or her secure and secret ballot electronically. The inefficiency of voting process in Federal Polytechnic Nekede has resulted in a lot of problems. These problems have continued to obstruct the peace of democracy in Student Union Government (SUG) in Federal Polytechnic Nekede because the choice of a capable candidate is not encouraged by the current system. The aim of the study is to Design and Implement a Mobile Application for Electronic Voting for Student Union Government (SUG) using Federal Polytechnic Nekede as a case study. In achieving this aim, the following specific …
Can the material for “Impact of Entrepreneurial Development on Economic Growth in Nigeria” be used as a guide for Economics Project?
Yes it can be used — The study was carried out to scrutinize the Impact of Entrepreneurial Development on Economic Growth in Nigeria. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to assess the organization benefit from entrepreneurs and investigate the problems affecting entrepreneurship development in the area under study. Investigation revealed that one of the possible causes for this lack is that the education in Nigeria addresses only output end of capacity development solving problem. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain information from the respondents for this project. A total of 180 (one hundred and eighty) respondents were selected for this study to represent the entire population of the study. Primary data were …
Can this topic “Male Absence and Single Parenthood in Black Writing: A Study of Richard Wright’s Black Boy, Toni Morrison’s Beloved, and Lauretta Ngcobo’s Cross of Gold” be used for English Language Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — This study employs Realism as an analytical tool to assess the various dimensions of male absence and single parenthood in Richard Wright‟s Black Boy (1945), Toni Morrison‟s Beloved (1987) and Lauretta Ngcobo‟s Cross of Gold (1981). This research is thus a comparative study of male absence and single parenthood in Black writing in the United States and South Africa. The study posits that the spread of male absence and single parenthood (female-headed homes) among African Americans and Black South Africans are not unconnected with the socio-historical events experienced in the United States and South Africa respectively. Whereas African American men are generally considered and presented as deliberate deserters due to their inability to handle their sole provider responsibility, male absence …
Is the topic “Analysis of Bitumen Reserve Estimate for the Imeri Deposit” recommended for Geology Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — Bitumen is a viscous liquid, or a solid consisting essentially of hydrocarbons and their derivatives, and is soluble in carbon disulphide, substantially non-volatile and softens gradually when heated. The study was carried out to analyze the Bitumen Reserve Estimate for the Imeri Deposit using Imeri, Ogun State, Nigeria as a case study. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to delineate the subsurface lithology, map the bitumen deposits in the study area using electrical resistivity method and determine the flow of the bituminous oil in the subsurface. Due to the vast economic important of the Bitumen oil the geophysical exploration will not be evicted, for the success of this project the geophysical electrical resistivity method was …
Can this topic “Perception of Technical Teachers on Factors Responsible for Low Enrollment Into Technical Colleges” be used for Education Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — This study was designed to determine the factors responsible for low enrolment into technical colleges in Lagos State. The study identified the societal attitude, economic and value system responsible for low enrolment into the technical colleges in Lagos State and it also identified intervention measures needed to improve enrolment into technical colleges in Lagos State. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain information from the respondents for this project. A total of 150 (one hundred and fifty) respondents were selected for this study to represent the entire population of the study. Primary data were collected from the primary source which questionnaire was used as an instrument of data collection while secondary data were …
Can the material for “Deregulation of the Downstream Oil Sector in Nigeria as a Panacea to Economic Recovery of the Country” be used as a guide for Public Administration (PA) Project?
Yes it can be used — This study examined the deregulation of the downstream oil sector in Nigeria as a panacea to economic recovery of the country (An Analysis of 2010-2015 Economic Programme of Nigeria). In this study the researcher has find out some of the problems that are facing the deregulation of the downstream oil sector in Nigeria, these problems are continuous increase in petroleum price, scarcity of petroleum product . all these are the major problems that are facing the deregulation of the downstream oil sector which government have to help solving this problems by making fuel available and controlling the price. Also the researcher has find out some of the objective which will also help in the deregulation of the downstream oil sector …
Can this topic “Design and Simulation of a Prepaid Meter Fraud Tracking System with SMS Alert” be used for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — A prepaid meter monitoring system with SMS alert is designed simulated and constructed using microcontroller to achieve a unique transmission of SMS messages to designated mobile phone numbers. The work is a response to the need to checkmate commercial energy losses in utility electrical distribution system. The system utilizes a normally open micro-switch incorporated into the monitoring system to detect when the prepaid meter cover is opened. The system triggers a series of actions which eventually lead to the sending of an SMS alert message to the GSM mobile phones at the commercial unit of the utility Electricity Distribution Company which contains the meter number and address where the tamper/theft originates. The system also triggers an alarm system to alert …
Can the material for “The Role of Microfiance in Empowering Women Entrepreneurship” be used as a guide for Entrepreneurship Project?
Yes it can be used — Microfinance is the provision of non-collateral financial services to the poor or those in low-income households who are unable to offer assets as security. The study was carried out to examine the Role of Microfinance in Empowering Women Entrepreneurship. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to explore various determinants of women empowerment and analyze the role of microfinance in improving decision making power of women at domestic level as compared to other social determinants. Women Entrepreneurial Skills development has continued to be a popular concept in the world due to its leading role as catalyst for nation’s growth and economic development. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to …
Can the material for “Effects of Instructional Materials Enhance the Teaching / Learning Process by Exhibiting Information Necessary to Acquire Knowledge and Skills” be used as a guide for Education Project?
Yes it can be used — Instructional materials enhance the teaching/learning process by exhibiting information necessary to acquire knowledge and skills. The acquisition of basic vocational knowledge, skills and attitudes to facilitate occupational efficiency requires skill oriented teaching and learning activities. Over the years, the poor performance of students in public examinations has been blamed on the wrong choice of teaching methods by teachers. Teaching and learning activities have a lot to do with other variables, such as instructional materials, school environment variables, students’ factors and so on. In this study, instructional material utilization is the main focus in order to determine their effects on the performance of the students. Instructional materials are the devices developed or acquired to assist or facilitate teachers in transmitting, organized knowledge …