DETERMINATION OF SOME MACROELEMENT COMPOSITION IN PHYLLANTHUS AMARUS LEAVES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Phyllanthus amarus (P. amarus) is a broad spectrum mechanical plant that has received world-word recognition (Srividiya and pervalslaas). In Nigeria, it is called “Oyomokeisoamankedem” in Efik, “Iyin Olobe” in Yoruba and “Ebebenizo” in Bini (Etta, 2008). P. amarus is generally employed to reduce pain, expel intestine gas, to stimulate and promote digestion, as anti-helminthes to expel intestinal worms and act as a mild laxative. P. amarus also has antiseptic, diaretic, antiral, anti-diabetic, hypertensive and anti pyretic properties, and is also used in the treatment of jaundice, diarrhea, dysentery, wound, ulcers and urogenital disease (Calixto et al., 1998).
The plants of the genus Phyllanthus are widely distributed in most typical and subtropical countries and have long been used in traditional medicine to treat chronic liver disease (Liu et al., 2003). Phyllanthus amarus is an ethnobotanical plant that grows well in most, shady and sunny places. It is known by several other name as carry-me-seed, chanca piedra and quinine weed to mention but a few (Adedapo et al., 2005).
1.2 Aims and Objectives of the Study
The aims of this work is to determine the macro-element composition in Phyllantus amarus leaves. The objective of the study are;
- To determine the calcium level of Phyllanthus amarus leaves
- To determine the sodium level of Phyllanthus amarus leaves
- To determine the potassium level of Phyllanthus amarus leaves
- To determine the magnesium level of Phyllanthus amarus leaves
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
Procedure for Downloading the PDF (Docx) Material
Determination of Some Macroelement Composition in Phyllanthus Amarus Leaves can be downloaded by requesting the full set of materials at the project or seminar cost. The document will be sent via Microsoft Word (MS-Word) format via WhatsApp (e-mail) following payment confirmation.
| Seminar Material Cost ₦3,000 | Project Material Cost ₦5,000 |
Request Complete Material
 | Click here to request the Complete Material via WhatsApp including;
|
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Determination of Some Macroelement Composition in Phyllanthus Amarus Leaves" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can this topic “Problems and Prospects of Establishing Small Scale Enterprises in Nigeria” be used for Business Administration and Management (BAM) Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — The study was carried out to examine the Problems and Prospects of Establishing Small Scale Enterprises in Nigeria. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to appraise the issue of risk of under capitalization and related this to the reluctance of proprietors to bring in partners or adequate financing and analyze the inability of the owned-manager to acknowledge their own weakness and tap the resources of talents of employees. Investigation revealed that the issues of inadequate financing usually derive from inadequate proprietorship equity participation. A strong capital base and financial outlook are required for a successful business. The problems of facing small-medium scale enterprises in Nigeria are not insurmountable since Nigeria is well placed to provide …
Is the topic “Investment Management Practices and Growth of Public Enterprises” recommended for Public Administration (PA) Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — This study was on investment management practices and growth of public enterprises in Enugu state, Nigeria. The objective of this thesis was to identify investment management practices employed in public enterprises in Enugu State; and explain how the adoption of appropriate investment management practices promoted the growth of the enterprises. The purpose of this study was to analyse any observed growth of public enterprises in Enugu State in terms of the extent to which they employed proper investment management practices. In the course of this study, we adopted a survey research method. Three methods of data gathering namely; documents, questionnaire and oral interviews were used. Hence, primary and secondary data were used to analyse the data. In applying purposive sampling …
Is the topic “The Effect of Yoruba Language on Students' Spoken English” recommended for English / Yoruba Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — This study has set out to find the influence of Yoruba Language on the sound system of spoken English Language among the indigenous Ilorin Yoruba undergraduate students. It was to find out the features that distinguish Ilorin Yoruba accent from the Received Pronunciation. The Recorded speech of fifty selected undergraduate students from three universities within Ilorin was used. Students who were native of Ilorin and who have spent at least two academic years in higher institution were sampled. Phonological approach was used using snowball sampling technique. It was discovered that phonological features of Nigerian English such as substitution, under-differentiation, spelling pronunciation, epenthesis and simplification, of consonant cluster were the common features found in the oral English of the samples. The …
Can the material for “Federalism and Nation-Building in Nigeria: Challenges and Prospects” be used as a guide for Political Science Project?
Yes it can be used — This study is on federalism and nation building: the challenges and prospect. The total population for the study is 200 staff of National assembly, Abuja. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made supervisors, computer operators, senior staffs and junior staff were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies …
Can the material for “Availability and Effective Use of Laboratory Equipment as Determinant of Students” be used as a guide for Education Project?
Yes it can be used — This study investigated the availability and effective use of laboratory equipment as determinants of students achievement in basic science practical in Ipokia Local Government Area of Ogun State.A sample of one hundred(100) students were randomly selected from five(5) selected schools in Ipokia Local Government. The instrument used for the study was questionnaire and validated. Data collected were analyzed using chi-square. The result of data analysis revealed that school principals negative administrative style and the inadequacy of duration or time allocated to health instructions in Ipokia local government secondary schools. The results equally showed that lack of laboratory facilities lack of relevant textbooks, pamphlets and posters were factors central to the low achievement of students in junior secondary school.Based on the findings, …
Can the material for “Obstacles of Financing Small Scale Business in Nigeria” be used as a guide for Business Administration and Management (BAM) Project?
Yes it can be used — Since independent Nigeria the giant of Africa has spent much time and resources both human and material trying to convince the developed countries and indeed the whole word that she (Nigeria) is capable of developing her industrial capabilities. Much of the efforts made in this direction have found expressions mostly in international conference and seminars, newspapers report, radio announcements and various national development plans. Industries have actually increase since after the independent, but the disappointing record of economic performance in the last decade has led to the reopening of the debate on the strategy of industrialization Nigeria is still a net import of all sorts of goods from needless to heavy machinery, simple because most of the industries where established for their …
Can this topic “Morality vis-à-vis Reason in Aquinas Philosophy; A Critical Analysis” be used for Philosophy Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — I intend to expose the indepth meaning of reason and morality using man as the major point on this discussion, due to the higher rational faculty he possess over other creatures. We shall also answer the question as: has reason any influence or party to play in morality? Or put simply, is reason necessarily required for man to be moral? If yes, should reason be the sole facts for morality? But if no, what then? This work is going to be base mostly on reason and morality in Thomas Aquinas Philosophy. To unfold this, this work will be based on four chapters. We are going to see how morality should be guided by reason. In Chapter One, thought of the introductory …
Can the material for “An Assessment of Self Determination as a Strategy for Resolving the National Question South Sudan” be used as a guide for Political Science Project?
Yes it can be used — This research, “An Assessment of the Right to Self-Determination as a Strategy for Resolving the National Question in South Sudan” was undertaken with the view to finding why and how the people of Southern Sudan came to identify themselves as a nation, irrespective of their religious and ethnic differences. The study adopted a thematic approach to the study by basing the analysis on literary texts. The ideological theory of nationalism was adopted in order to provide a systematic explanation for nationalism in Africa. The theory argues that nationalism in Africa is an ideological construction of disgruntled elites who mobilize the masses to their cause. After winning the sympathy of the masses, the elites and intelligentsia will start by negotiating with …
Can this topic “Examination of the Source and Uses of Local Government Fund in Nigeria” be used for Banking and Finance (BF) Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — Local government is that level of government nearest to the people. It is said to be corner stone of the government system in any country. The federal government believes that it is only through an effective local government system that the human and material resources of the nation could be mobilized for local government with its objectives is aimed at standard and stabilizing the function and financial resources at the local government level and to encourage initiatives and leadership potential. The basic procedure of local government is revenue mobilization and its effective utilization especially more that there is no comprehensive study on sources and uses of funds in the local government. The current trends of inefficiency and ineffectiveness of the local authorities should …
Is the topic “The Role of Central Bank in Economic Growth in Nigeria” recommended for Economics Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — The study was carried out to examine the role of Central bank in development of Nigeria Economy. Secondary data were used in this research work. The hypothesis was tested to examine the significance of relationship that exist between monetary policy tools, exchange rate and interest rate on economic growth in Nigeria. The analytical techniques used were the simple regression analysis while the student t-ratio was used for the test. from the test, it was observed that a positive relationship existed with negative relationship exist between the variables. Hence the researcher concluded that monetary policy is an efficient tool for economic growth in Nigeria. And therefore recommended that effort should be made to improve on the quality and the timeless of data …