CORPORATE SOCIAL ACCOUNTING INFORMATION DISCLOSURES AMONG FIRMS IN NIGERIA
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background To The Study
A realization in today’s corporate world is the fusion of corporate activities with those of the environment thereby making it difficult to separate the former from the latter. This goes to describe the opinion of Nzewi et al (2013) who noted that business do not operate in a vacuum but rather change of internal and external forces regarded as the environment. Uwuigbe and Egbide (2012) observed that over the past decade, Nigeria has witnessed tremendous economic and social change. As a result, the business environment is also becoming more complex and demanding. One of the emerging issues that confront modern day businesses is that of corporate social responsibility. However, due to the heightened interest in the concert of corporate social responsibility and what it entails, most research has been done in this area, particularly in the developed countries.
In contrast, the developing countries are slower in responding to the increased concern about the issue of corporate social responsibility. Furthermore, Uwuigbe, (2012) stated that the state of the world’s environment and the impact of mankind on the ecology of the world have led to increased public concern and scrutiny of the operations and performances of organizations. Organizations are now expected to be able to demonstrate that they are aware and addressing the impact of their operations on the environment and society in general; thus incorporating the concept of corporate social accounting.
Corporate social accounting as a concept can be said to evolve in the United Kingdom in the early 1970s. The reporting of the social effect of companies became an issue in the UK in the 1970s (Onyekwelu and Boniface, 2014). Globalization brought to the fore, the realization that companies do not operate in isolation but have marked impact on the environment and people at the local, national and global level and this has led to the increasing awareness of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and the concept of the triple bottom-line.
The concept emphasizes that a business’ success should not only be measured based on its financial performance but should include its social impact of its operation (Selvi, 2007). He further noted that the Triad craft and New Economic Foundation (NEF) pioneered a form of social accounting in the early 1990s with an aim of getting companies to voluntarily establish engagements with stakeholders. Ebimobowel (2011) also hinted that the increasing need for every organization to disclose in their annual reports the various activities that affect the society is becoming a very fundamental issue all over the world mostly in developed economies, but this is not the case in developing countries like Nigeria. This is because organizations are particularly more interested in the profit maximization objective to the detriment of the society.
According to Iyoha (2010), in developing countries, the concern is about how efficient organizations are, in terms of how much profits they make and how much dividends are paid. No serious thoughts are given to social issues in the annual reports of organizations such as environmental protection, energy savings, fair business practice and community involvements etc. The exponent stress that the absence of financial data relating to actions and arrangements for social concern in Nigeria is not in accord with the trend in the USA, Europe and Canada where companies are required to report on the effect of compliance with laws governing corporate social conduct on capital expenditures, earnings and competitive position.
Oluwagbemiga, (2014) highlighted that the forces that give rise in demand of information disclosure in the modern capital market stems from the information asymmetry and the stockholders. Therefore, the solution to agency conflicts lies in the ownership structure and the function of board of directors. In recent times, every organization whether it is public or private, big or small, profitable or non-profitable is looking forward to satisfy customers, investors, creditors, suppliers, regulators and the public at large. They are trying to operate in a way that makes all those users or stakeholders appreciate them. One way for these organizations to improve their performance is by showing their responsibility towards the environment. There is increasing pressure on companies to be responsible to the society which has influenced them to operate in an environmentally responsible manner.
As various stakeholders demand greater disclosure of some environmental impacts and performance, a large number of companies all over the world started reporting on these issues. In many countries, disclosure of some environmental information has also been made mandatory. Inconclusively, Oba and Fadio (2012) stressed that the implication is that adequate efforts have not been channelled to strike equipoise between development objectives and the need to maintain desirable environmental quality. Presently, there is a growing concern of the society as well as business organizations on environmental issues and the importance of disseminating environmental information. In this regard, environmental reporting has been utilized as the vehicle for expressing the extent of commitment of organizations to the environment and their stakeholders at large. Environmental reporting and awareness can be part of critical long strategies focused on providing behavioural change to support sustainable environmental management. Environmental awareness is a precondition for pro-environmental behaviour and sustainable environment which translates to sustainable development.
In response to the above views, the research is conducted by the researcher bearing in mind the need to capture corporate social accounting information disclosure among firms in Nigeria.
1.2 Statement Of The Problem
In corporate circle, the absence of social accounting disclosure has given birth to critical challenges which include the following:
- Greater level of societal agitation owing to corporate neglect of the basic needs of its host communities.
- Absence of organized reportage of company’s social activities.
- Absence of regulatory framework for the disclosure of social practice of corporations in the country.
In response to the above challenges, Owolabi (2011) posited that the companies have capitalized on work laws and regulatory watch agencies in the country, who fail to regulate the activities of such multinationals in our corporate spheres, to short change the populace. Thriving on the ethnic disputes, resource control tussle between host countries and the Federal Government, the multinationals and other corporate bodies get away with their abuse of the environment through gas flaring, oil spillages and radiation poisoning from indiscriminate erection of telecommunication mast in the Niger Delta region, has led to a great loss of lives and property that could have been avoided if the multinational companies had engaged in business practices that were more socially accepted and people-oriented. The exponent further traced the origin and the dynamics of the Nigerian civil war in 1967 to 1970 to socio-political factors in the petroleum industry.
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
Procedure for Downloading the PDF (Docx) Material
Corporate Social Accounting Information Disclosures Among Firms in Nigeria can be downloaded by requesting the full set of materials at the project or seminar cost. The document will be sent via Microsoft Word (MS-Word) format via WhatsApp (e-mail) following payment confirmation.
| Seminar Material Cost ₦3,000 | Project Material Cost ₦5,000 |
Request Complete Material
 | Click here to request the Complete Material via WhatsApp including;
|
TABLE OF CONTENTSPRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.0 Introduction
- 1.1 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Theoretical Framework
- ⋮
- 2.4 Empirical Studies
- 2.5 Research Gaps
- 2.6 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of Study
- 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
- 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
- 3.9 Ethical Consideration
- 3.10 Statistical Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of Findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Corporate Social Accounting Information Disclosures Among Firms in Nigeria" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
PRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.0 Introduction
- 1.1 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Theoretical Framework
- ⋮
- 2.4 Empirical Studies
- 2.5 Research Gaps
- 2.6 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of Study
- 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
- 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
- 3.9 Ethical Consideration
- 3.10 Statistical Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of Findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Corporate Social Accounting Information Disclosures Among Firms in Nigeria" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can this topic “The Impact of Industrialization on Rural Development” be used for Urban and Regional Planning (URP) Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — The study scrutinized the impact of Industrialization on Rural Development. Rural Development Management of the developmental objective is concerned, particularly in enhancing the organizational productivity. In order to achieve the objectives rural dwellers must be willing to offer their time towards the protection of the developmental projects which will help to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the rural people or settlers. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain information from the respondents for this project. A total of 133 (one hundred and thirty three) respondents were selected for this study to represent the entire population of the study. For null hypotheses were formulated and tested using the one-way ANOVA and the …
Can the material for “Secured Web Based Point of Sales (POS) for Business” be used as a guide for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be used — The global community especially the technologically advanced world is striving to attain what has been the global information age. It is an age that is envisaged to go beyond the use of computers as a mere tool for fast information processing, rather they will also become medium for processing and transferring such information from one location to another at equal fast rate. As a result, it’s appalling that sales in developing country like Nigeria have not been able to benefit much from this revolutionized age of Information technology especially in the area of computerized Sales. A computerized sale management and control system is a computer program which takes the best out of a manual system and electronic cash registers features. …
Can the material for “Web Based Vehicle Auctioning and Sales Management System” be used as a guide for Software Engineering Project?
Yes it can be used — Despite the popularity among millions of users around the globe, selling, bidding for, and buying products using online auction websites and their existing literature provides little understanding of what causes users to choose one auction site over another. One way to examine this is to explore users’ satisfaction with auction websites. This project is centered on creating an online platform where people irrespective of their location can bid for a car set up for auction which will be delivered to them. Also a user can sell his or her car as well by putting it up for auction whereby other users can bid for it. The research methodology used in gathering information qualitative research methodology. This project work will be …
Can this topic “An Examination of the Impact of Failed Banks on Nigeria Economy (1995 – 2005)” be used for Banking and Finance (BF) Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — This research work in failed banker is with a view to examine its impact one the Nigerian economy. The statement of problem in this research work aimed at finding if there are reductions in the flow of inventible resources that could be channeled to the productive sector of the economy. Section II showed how the researcher made a random selection of 100 respondents from 3 selection banks arrived at a sample size of 50 which implies that 50 questionnaires were distributed and all were returned. This is followed by identifying the forms and causes of bank failure in Nigeria banks in section III; this section was what the researcher was able to do which other researcher failed to do. Section IV the major …
Can the material for “Landlord and Tenant Relationship It’s Effects on Property” be used as a guide for Estate Management (EM) Project?
Yes it can be used — In long-term business relationships the customer experience is affected by how the customer perceives the quality of customer relationship. The purpose of this paper is to understand the customer relationship quality construct in tenant relationships in a business-to-business environment. Methodology / Approach: The theoretical framework is adapted from relationship marketing literature and this is then applied in case study settings to five customer companies in a landlord and tenant relationship. The paper framework of 13 relationship quality attributes and applies these to the case companies. Findings: The results suggest that some of the suggested relationship quality attributes have an importance in a landlord relationship while some suggested attributes have less value. Research limitations / implications:- The case studies were conducted in companies that occupy …
Can the material for “Impact of Motivation on Employee and Performance in Nigeria” be used as a guide for Human Resource Management (HRM) Project?
Yes it can be used — Motivation refers to the complexity of forces that inspires a person at work to intensify his desires and willingness to use his potential to perform in order to achieve organizational objectives. The study was carried out to examine the impact of motivation on employee and performance in Nigeria using Ministry Education in Owerri, Imo State as a case study. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to determine the relationship between motivation and employee performance and find out the relevance of motivating employees before they can perform. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain information from the respondents for this project. A total of 200 (two hundred) respondents …
Can the material for “Effect of Social Awareness Skill on the Sales Volume of the Hospitality Establishment” be used as a guide for Business Administration and Management (BAM) Project?
Yes it can be used — The research profers an appraisal of the effect of social awareness skills on the sales volume of the hospitality establishment. It elucidate the concept of social awareness and seek to determine its significance and impact in determining sales volume of hospitality establishment. …
Can this topic “An Assessment of the Common Difficulties Encountered by Students in Chemistry” be used for Education Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — The study scrutinizes the Difficulties Encountered by Student in Chemistry Practical Class in Secondary School. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to examine the challenges encountered by students in chemistry practical class, determine the availability and utilization of laboratory resources for teaching of Chemistry, assess the achievement of students based on the availability and the usage of laboratory resources, and find out to what extent laboratory resources are available and used in Secondary School and how this has affected the achievement of students in Chemistry. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain information from the respondents for this project. A total of 200 (two hundred) respondents were …
Can the material for “The Impact of Regular Audit to the Viability and Organization Effectiveness of Commercial Banks in Nigeria” be used as a guide for Accountancy / Accounting Project?
Yes it can be used — The study tries to examine the impact of regular audit to the viability and organizational effectiveness of commercial banks in Nigeria, a study of selected banks. In this study however, we carried out (worth with the housing banks). Union Bank of Nigeria plc.First Bank of Nigeria plc.United Bank for Africa (UBA). However, the work went in depth to evaluate the benefits when accrue to those commercial bank as a result of good audit and internal control system. In order to arrive at a conclusion on the study I carried out an empirical survey and library research questionnaires were administered which so out of 100 were returned. The information collected was tabulate using percentage system for relevant facts of the study; it was …
Can this topic “Product Planning, Management and Distribution Problem in Soft Drink Industry (Nigeria Bottling Company Plc. Enugu Perspective)” be used for Public Administration (PA) Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — Product planning, management and distribution problems are very vital in the production and distribution of every manufacturing organization. Before ever a manufacturing company could come with good quality product, it must undergo many process from planning for either short range or long ranges forecasting carrying out market research and consumer survey protesting the product and introducing different channels of distribution. The aim of this study is to describe how the Nigerian Bottling company Enugu is really involved in the process of product planning, distribution and management. This is done by gathering information from staff and distribution channels, operators defining certain problems usually associated with product planning, management and distribution problems in the company and proposing remedial measures after revealing areas of …