CHANGES IN PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF INSTANT KUNUN ZAKI FLOURS PRODUCED FROM MILLET
ABSTRACT
In this study, instant kunun zaki powders were produced from millet-cowpea malt and millet- soybean malt. The instant powders were packaged in polypropylene plastics and stored for 3 months. During this period, studies of the changes in physiochemical and functional properties of the packaged flour were carried out every 30 days for 3 months. Production of instant powders was by blending millet with malt of cowpea for millet cowpea malt (MCm) and millet with malt of soybean for millet-soybean malt (MSm) each in the ratio of 70:30 w/w. Ginger was added to each blend in the ratio 15:1 w/w. The blends were incubated at 28+30C for 15 minutes and instantized by steam-heating for 10 minutes followed by oven drying at 500C to a moisture content of 6.23% for MCm and 6.34% for MSm.
The flour blends were then packaged in polypropylene plastic (12x18cm) and stored for three months at 28+30C. During this storage period, studies of the changes in physiochemical properties of the packaged flour were determined every 30 days. The results showed that diastatic activities of cowpea and soybean increased with malting, with that of cowpea being higher (63.330L) than that of soybean (30.000L). Protein and sugar contents
increased after malting, whereas fat and TBA content decreased with malting. During storage however, there was a general increase in moisture content, sugar, fat, TBA, tannin and trypsin inhibitor in all the samples. Protein content decreased with storage. Water absorption capacity, bulk density, solubility, dispersibility and viscosity decreased with storage time. The particle sizes of the flours increased with storage.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction
… This chapter will address the background information that motivated this study, the challenges that prompted it, its aim, and its objectives as a preface to subsequent sections of the study. Additional factors include the study's significance, scope, limitations, research questions and hypotheses, and the definition of technical terms.
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
Procedure for Downloading the PDF (Docx) Material
Changes in Physicochemical Properties of Instant Kunun Zaki Flours Produced From Millet can be downloaded by requesting the full set of materials at the project or seminar cost. The document will be sent via Microsoft Word (MS-Word) format via WhatsApp (e-mail) following payment confirmation.
| Seminar Material Cost ₦3,000 | Project Material Cost ₦5,000 |
Request Complete Material
 | Click here to request the Complete Material via WhatsApp including;
|
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Changes in Physicochemical Properties of Instant Kunun Zaki Flours Produced From Millet" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Is the topic “A Study on Mosquito as a Primary Malaria Vector” recommended for Microbiology Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — Malaria is a major problem in Nigeria with the highest prevalence of malaria in pregnancy of 64.5 percent. Little is known about the major malaria vector and its role in malaria transmission. This was a study on mosquito as a primary malaria vector. A total of 1030 female Anopheles mosquitoes were caught consisting of five species, namely, 1026 (99.6%) of Anopheles gambiae complex further identification using PCR showed the predominant sibling species were An. arabiensis Patton 95%(n=221) and An. gambiae s.s. 5%(n=12). Other Anopheles mosquitoes collected were morphologically identified as An. pharoensis, An. squamosus and An. rhodesiense. Results showed that the population of Anopheles arabiensis was significantly higher than that of Anopheles gambiae s.s (P<0.05). In planning effective site specific malaria …
Can the material for “Design and Construction of FM Transmitter” be used as a guide for Electrical / Electronics Engineering (EE) Project?
Yes it can be used — A frequency modulated (Fm) transmitted is an electronic device that modulates, amplifies, Filters and possibly encodes Incoming information signal and broadcasts it over the channel for transmission. The aim of the study is to Design and Construct of Frequency Modulator (FM) Transmitter. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to review some modern digital technologies that has been developed for effective FM signal generation, show the design and components of a FM transmitter and show the construction process of an electronically operated system known as FM transmitter capable of transmitting a frequency modulated signal. In a transmitter, the information modulates the carrier i.e. is super imposed on a high frequency sine wave. Frequency modulation has several …
Can the material for “The Impact of Micro Finance on Entrepreneurs Performance” be used as a guide for Finance Project?
Yes it can be used — The main purpose of micro finance is to determine the impact of micro-finance on entrepreneurs performance.Financing is concerned with the recording, reporting, arranging of data in an organization activities using book-keeping, capital assets, journals and SSE. The responses to the questionnaires view of related literature and personal interview was found out to be that financing has been defined as the management of capital sources. In small scale enterprises, financing deals with switch micro financing, the micro financial system in Nigeria. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain information from the respondents for this project. Primary data were collected from the primary source which questionnaire was used as an instrument of data collection while …
Is the topic “The Impact of Television Advertising as a Critical Element in Influencing Consumer Choice” recommended for Mass Communication (MC) Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — Television advertising is any paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods and services through mass media such as newspapers, magazines, television or radio by an identified sponsor. The study was carried out to examine the Impact of Television Advertising as a Critical Element in Influencing Consumer Choice using MTN and Globacom Adverts among UNIZIK Students as a case study. Investigation revealed that there are different contents of these two GSM telecommunication giants MTN and GLOBACOM, like different products, different promos and among others, targeting the same consumers at a time. As a result, there is a serious competition in which each GSM provider tries to influence the perception and choice of their consumers over their products, services, …
Is the topic “The Effects of Mass Media on Family Planning” recommended for Mass Communication (MC) Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — This project is a survey on the effect of mass media on family planning, as it concerns its adoption by the families in Owerri, Imo State. The importance of family planning in national development cannot be over stressed as many developing nations around the world have been able to link directly with their planning in all phases of development. In the sense that population growth must be taken into account for economic, educational, agricultural development of a nation, the survey method was used for collecting through the questionnaire distribution to married couple in Onicha Mbaise. Simple random system was employed in selection of 150 families 15 from each of the 10 villages, UMUHU, UMUELAGWA, UMUEKWE UMUEVU, UMUAGHARA, OMUKWU, EZIAMA, UMUOMA, UBONUKAM, …
Can the material for “The Impact of Classroom Practices on Academic Performance” be used as a guide for Education Project?
Yes it can be used — The study investigates the impact of classroom practices on academic performance among secondary school students in Lagos metropolis. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to determine the impact of classroom management practice on the performance of students in senior secondary schools in Lagos metropolis, determine the impact of adequate classroom culture on the performance of students in senior secondary schools in Lagos metropolis, ascertain the impact of small class size on the performance of students in senior secondary schools in Lagos metropolis, and ascertain the impact of the use of classroom management techniques on the performance of students in senior secondary schools in Lagos metropolis. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, …
Can the material for “Design and Fabrication of a Fruit Juice Extractor Processing Machine” be used as a guide for Mechanical Engineering Project?
Yes it can be used — Fruit juice extraction is the process of squeezing the liquid content out of fresh fruits, to ease effective storage and prevent unnecessary wastage. The stages involve cutting, crushing, squeezing, pulping and pressing. The study was conducted out to Design and Fabricate a Fruit Juice Extractor Processing Machine. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to carry out the design analysis of the juice extractor, determine the optimum operating factors for the machine and evaluate the production capacity of the juice extraction machine. Investigation revealed that fruits are seasonal and therefore are not available in sufficient quantities throughout the year because it is difficult to store them in their natural form. The major problem is the high …
Can the material for “Management Problems of Manufacturing Industries in Nigeria” be used as a guide for Public Administration (PA) Project?
Yes it can be used — It is a fact that there are some factors that are responsible for the poor performance of the manufacturing industry in Nigeria. The manufacturing industry play a vital role in the Nigerian economy and also in the lines of the people. The manufacturing industry is like an organization that is motivated by a number of tractors to utilize input like raw-materials, land and man-power in the production of physical or tangible products for their consumer satisfaction. The primary objective of carryout this study, is to critically examine the factors responsible for the poor performance of manufacturing industry in Nigeria. The various functions, achievements, etc. contributes to individuals as well as the sectors of the economy. This study would examine the evolution …
Can the material for “Serum Calcium Concentration Is Inversely Associated with Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis” be used as a guide for Radiography Project?
Yes it can be used — To examine the relationship between serum calcium (Ca) concentration and radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA). This study covered a total of 2855 subjects. The serum Ca concentration was detected by the Arsenazo III method. The radiographic OA of the knee was defined as changes equivalent to Kellgren - Lawrence grade 2 on 1 side at least. The serum Ca concentration was categorized into 4 quartiles, which are =2.27, 2.28-2.34, 2.35-2.41, and =2.42mmol/L, respectively. The relationship between serum Ca and radiographic knee OA was examined using the multivariable logistic analysis after adjusting a series of potential confounding factors. For each quartile of the relationship between serum Ca concentration and radiographic knee OA, the OR with 95% CI was calculated, and the one with …
Is the topic “Effect of Federal Character Principle on the Staffing Process in the Nigerian Federal Public Service” recommended for Public Administration (PA) Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — The study critically examined the Effect of Federal Character Principle on the Staffing process in the Nigerian Federal Public Service. Descriptive Survey Design was adopted in the study. A total number of two hundred and eight (208) copies of questionnaire were administered to respondents; while two hundred and three (203) were properly filled and returned for the analysis. Data analysis was undertaken using simple percentage and frequency distribution tables. Spearman’s Rank Correlations was used to test all the stated hypotheses with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 20.0). After all relevant data were collected and analyzed; all the three (3) null hypotheses (Ho) that were tested were rejected as the empirical result revealed that there is …