AN INDUSTRIAL SMOKE DETECTOR WITH A MICROCONTROLLER FOR MULTI-ROOM CONTROL
ABSTRACT
The design of smoke detector as a device comprises several units such as micro controller (programmable) unit, smoke sensing unit, Heat detecting unit, Alarm unit and power supply unit. The following components are also used in the design resistors, diode, transistor, capacitors, integrated circuit in the form of operation Amplifier and thermistor.
The programmable microcontroller is a central processing unit of the system which received a rectified and stabilised voltage from the power supply unit for effective operation. The power supply unit distributes equal voltage of about +5v dc to all the units. The sensing unit sent their signals to the microcontroller unit which processed the signal and sent it to the alarm unit.
The programmable microcontroller is programmed in such a way that when they system senses an abnormality, the sensor units (smoke and heat) sent the signal to the microcontroller, while the microcontroller issues the audible information or signal to the alarm unit.
The alarm unit will detect the abnormality by raising alarm which helps the occupants to evacuate from the environment and the resident. The sensitivity of the device ranges from 20 seconds to 25 seconds from the period when the detector detected the abnormality.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction On Smoke Detector
A smoke detector is a device that detects smoke, typically as an indicator of fire. Commercial, industrial an mass residential devices issue a signal to a fire alarm system, while household detectors known as smoke alarms, generally issue a local audible and/or visual alarm from the detector itself. Smoke detectors are typically housed in a disk shaped plastic enclosure about 150 millimetres (6in) in diameter and 25 millimeters (1 in) thick, but the shape can vary by manufacturer or product line. Most smoke detectors work either by optical detection (photo electric) or by physical process (ionization), while others use both detection methods to increase sensitivity to smoke.
Smoke detector in large commercial, industrial and residential buildings are usually powered by a central fire alarm system, which is energized by a power with a battery back up. However, in many single family detached and smaller multiple family housings, a smoke alarm is often powered only by a single disposable battery. Some smoke alarms use a carbon dioxide sensor or carbon monoxide sensor in order to detect extremely dangerous products of combustion.
Commercial smoke detectors are either conventional or analogue addressable and are wired up to security monitoring systems or fire Alarm Control Panels (FACP). These are the most common type of detector and usually cost a lot more than a household smoke alarm. They exist in most commercial and industrial facilities such as high rises, ships and trains. Conventional smoke are so called because they are the older type of smoke detectors.
The detector communicates with the fire alarm control panel simply by changing state from high impedance to low impedance when smoke is detected. Smoke detectors are typically wired together up to 40 detectors on each zone of loop and a single fire alarm control panel can usually monitor a number of zones or loops which can be arranged to correspond to different areas of a building. in the event of fire, the fire alarm control panel is able to identify which loop contains the detectors or detectors in alarm but its not able to identify which individual detector or detectors is in an alarm state.
Large, wide area indoor spaces present a challenge to traditional fire safety systems in order to effectively detect smoke over such a space, complex networks of multiple overlapping sensors will be required. Optical beam smoke detectors on the other hand are designed exactly for such situations — one single unit installed on a wall can detect smoke over an area of up to 1500m2 or 19800 sq ft. More coverage per detector means fewer detectors, with associated reductions to the time and cost of installation and wiring as well as lesser aesthetic intrusion.
There is already a lively debate about the relative merits and drawbacks of different detection systems. A common theme is that bean detector may not be as reliable or trouble free as other methods, however this is almost always to in correct installation.
Beams in fact, can be much more suitable for some situations than other detection systems, and this article will explain how to get the best from beams.
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
- 1. Introduction of Smoke Detector
- 2.1 Literature Review of Smoke Detector
- 3.1 Research Methodology
- 3.2 Block and Circuit Diagram of the System
- 3.3 Components Description
- 3.4 Block Diagram Description (Microcontroller)
- 3.5 The Power Supply Unit
- 4.1 Circuit Construction and Principles of Operation 25
- 4.2 Principles of Operation
- 4.4 Identification of the Abnormal Room from the Microcontroller
- 4.5 Sensitivity of the Device
- 4.6 Problems Encountered and the Remedy
- Recommendation and Conclusion
REFERENCES
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "An Industrial Smoke Detector with a Microcontroller for Multi-Room Control" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
PRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
- 1. Introduction of Smoke Detector
- 2.1 Literature Review of Smoke Detector
- 3.1 Research Methodology
- 3.2 Block and Circuit Diagram of the System
- 3.3 Components Description
- 3.4 Block Diagram Description (Microcontroller)
- 3.5 The Power Supply Unit
- 4.1 Circuit Construction and Principles of Operation 25
- 4.2 Principles of Operation
- 4.4 Identification of the Abnormal Room from the Microcontroller
- 4.5 Sensitivity of the Device
- 4.6 Problems Encountered and the Remedy
- Recommendation and Conclusion
REFERENCES
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "An Industrial Smoke Detector with a Microcontroller for Multi-Room Control" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
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