THE PLACE OF MULTIMEDIA AS A TOOL FOR LEARNING ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL

1.1 Introduction

Multimedia is the combination of different content forms. It includes a combination of text, audio, still images, animation, video, or interactivity content forms. It is usually recorded and played, displayed, or accessed by information content processing devices, such as computerized and electronic devices, but can also be part of a live performance. Multimedia devices are electronic media devices used to store and experience multimedia content. Multimedia provides a complex multi-sensory experience in exploring our world through the presentation of information through text, graphics, images, audio and video, and there is evidence to suggest that a mixture of words and pictures increases the likelihood that people can integrate a large amount of information.

As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Research hypothesis and questions, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.

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1.2 Background of Study

English Language learning is made easier because simulations allow students to visualize real-life situations, and motivation is increased as students are able to see the relevance of skills. Students who have access in their home to new methods and tools of education through computers, interactive learning, etc. may have also different and more potential to absorb those technologies while used in the school educational system.

Teaching methods is the subject of many research papers in this field in trying to evaluate methods to improve students’ ability to be interactively be involved in the class. This seems to be particularly necessary in the current Internet, wireless, etc. connectivity environment where students can be distracted through having or using those tools. Through providing the ability for students to use those tools in their education besides using them for entertainment or social activities, this may have positive impact on education (Nasir et al, 2013).

Multimedia in the classroom has evolved rapidly with a progression from audio cassettes to internet sites in classroom learning. Some examples of multimedia in the classroom include the use of video, the creation of video by students, the creation of spreadsheets or the development of a website displaying student work. Multimedia-aided teaching (MAT) is a means of instructional delivery usually used with the traditional method of teaching (Rolfe & Gray, 2011).

English enjoys different status for different individuals depending on how it is utilized in an individual learner’s social, cultural and economic contexts, anywhere and everywhere in non-English-speaking nations. It has a secured a safe position due to its significant role in communication amongst the individuals around the world. The function and significance of English in any nation worldwide are currently higher than it has ever been as it also enjoys the status of medium of instruction in this scientifically growing era. As the number of English learners is increasing, the efficiency of English language instruction has also been taken into account using technology. There has been a long-standing application of technology in films, radios, TV, and tape recording (Alotaibi & Kumar, 2019; Rana, 2013).

Susanto (2017) stated that media can help students to improve English skill. In his research teaching writing using word games; the case study of junior high schools in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. In line to this statement, Thamarana (2016) stated that multimedia is the combination of different content forms. It includes a combination of text, audio, still images, animation, video, or interactivity content forms. It is usually recorded and played, displayed, or accessed by information content processing devices, as computerized and electronic devices, but can also be part of a live performance. From the statements above, it can be concluded that multimedia is a form of communication that combines different content forms such as text, audio, image, animations, or video into a single presentation.

Therefore, in Nigeria where the research was carried out, the activities that was conducted is to know the Place of Multimedia as a Tool for Learning English language in Senior Secondary School.

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1.3 Statement of Problems

Investigation revealed that things are changing globally, and there are different and modern ways of doing things, if the essence of the educational policy is aimed at producing man-power which can cope with the ever-changing modern world, and be part of the global village “the chalk and talk method”; hardly bringing participatory interaction method must give way to the use of innovation and technology driven which the ICT proffers.

The overwhelming and glaring features of the present educational systems and structures are the abnormal and unending deterioration if the quality of education at all level over the years. The West African Examination and National Examination Council result have constantly elicited thus groin reality which seriously necessitates urgent attention. Thus it is the aim of this study to provide a template on which the revival of the educational system can be built, also to find out the impact of multimedia tolls on teaching and learning in secondary schools through the use of ICT and as well as investigating the problems associated with the use of multimedia in teaching and learning process.

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1.4 Aim and Objectives of Study

The aim of the study is to examine the Place of Multimedia as a Tool for Learning English language in Senior Secondary School. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows:

1. To find out the exposure of the students and teachers to different multimedia tools in learning English Language
2. To find out the effect of multimedia tools on the performance of the students learning English Language
3. To find out the effect of multimedia on the performance of teacher while teaching English Language
4. To discover the different multimedia tools used by senior secondary school students in learning English Language

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1.5 Research Questions

The study came up with research questions so as to be able to ascertain the above stated objectives. The specific research questions for the study are stated below as follows:

• Are students and teachers exposed to different multimedia tools in learning English language?
• What are the effects of multimedia tools on the performance of the students learning English language?
• What is the effect of multimedia on the performance of teacher while teaching English language?
• What are the different multimedia tools used by senior secondary school students in learning English language?

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1.6 Research Hypothesis

In order to pursue the objective of this study, the following generalized statements have been designed to guide and aids in obtaining the result for the experiment to be conducted. For this work, the null hypothesis will be represented with H0 while the alternative hypothesis will be represented with hypothesis H1.

Hypothesis One

• H0: Senior Secondary School Students are not exposed to different multimedia tools in learning English language
• H1: Senior Secondary School Students are exposed to different multimedia tools in learning English language

Hypothesis Two

• H0: There are no significant effects of multimedia tools on the performance of the students learning English language
• H1: There are significant effects of multimedia tools on the performance of the students learning English language

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1.7 Significance of Study

The following are the relevance of the study which is stated as follows:

1. The study will allow students to work individually at a computer station, at their own pace, and according to their own needs;
2. It will help teachers to deal more effectively with a large group of students;
3. It will make the introduction and presentation of content more dynamic and attractive for students;
4. It will increases student motivation due to the interactive nature of the activities;
5. Finally, the study will trains students to self-monitor and self-assess their progress, which promotes autonomous learning and promotes a task-based approach to learning.

This study will be of immense benefit to other researchers who intend to know more on this study and can also be used by non-researchers to build more on their research work. This study contributes to knowledge and could serve as a guide for other study.

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1.8 Scope of Study

The study focuses on the Place of Multimedia as a Tool for Learning English language in Senior Secondary School using Delta Career College as a case study.

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1.9 Limitations of the Study

During the course of this study, many things militated against its completion, some of which are:

1. Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
2. Research material: availability of research material is a major setback to the scope of the study.
3. Frequent power failure: This made the researcher append more money on fuel to ensure sustainable power.
4. Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).

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1.10 Definition of Terms

Impact: A marked effect or influence.

Multimedia: A platform that integrates analogue information in various forms such as text, images, and audio-visual materials to a single digitized data and relays them using several (multi) vehicles (media)

Teaching: Teaching is the activities of educating/instructing or activities that involve impacting of knowledge or skill to learners or animals.