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Principles of Designing and the Application of Makeup in Nollywood Production

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGNING AND THE APPLICATION OF MAKEUP IN NOLLYWOOD PRODUCTION


ABSTRACT

This study was carried out on Principles of Designing and the Application of Makeup in Nollywood Production. The place and use of make-up and costumes in play productions go a long way to identify and establish the environment, personalities of the characters and interpret with meaning the ideology of the playwright and the directorial concept without the use of dialogue. Oftentimes, these visual elements are employed unconsciously bearing in mind that they connote the same meaning as in real life and to the people at all times.These visual elements are expected to reflect the cultural and traditional norms of the locale of the play. They are used to complement the spoken words and reinforce the mental, social and psychological status of the wearers – characters. In recent times, these elements are employed in such a way that the location of the actions are not only contradictory to the personalities of the characters, they are confusing to the viewers, especially those who have taken the audio-visual medium as educator and the video as a school of culture and traditions. This study though agrees with the fact that the designers must be dynamic, it is out to reflect on the conformity of these basic elements to the overall interpretation and understanding of messages in productions as well as a means of expressing our identity in the pool of universal democracy and creativity.


CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Background to the Study

The origin of Makeup can be traced to a Greek actor named THESPIS. After this, during the medieval time, European theatre then introduced face paint makeup for the first time. The principles of designing and the application of makeup to Nollywood production is of great importance because Nollywood production usually entails the interpretation of a particular character. Thus, a character for a Nollywood production cannot be properly interpreted without the proper guidelines to the principles of makeup application.

The coming of Nigerian produced home video films in 1992 with Living in Bondage shot up theatre industry and all its paraphernalia to another level. The era started the correction of the wrong opinion that those who study theatre arts, performing arts and other related courses at the university are not the not-to-do well of the society. The acting profession as well as other specialties of the course saw a kind of approval that transient even to the religious sphere of Nigerian life. The success of Living in Bondage saw the potentials of theatre arts, performing arts as both profession and business that goes beyond the four walls of a theatre building. The duplication and sales of the performances into VHS then and subsequently the VCD and recently DVD cassettes took Nigerian theatre arts beyond the shores of the country and gained for us viewership in other parts of the world that initially produced for us to consume. The Nigerian video film no doubt encouraged patronage to theatre profession in all aspects. Many people now see theatre beyond acting. Hence, many ventured into studying theatre or performing arts at the university and the effort pays bills, buy good cars, and build mansions and good houses for practitioners who are also looked up to as role models in the society.

The theatre profession holds up to the society its mistakes and helps to direct on the right path for prospect and future success. Theatre artistes are respectable members of the society. The costumier and make-up artistes are indispensable members of the team and should bear this in mind remembering that they are part of the industry and whatever they do affects the perception and formation of opinion and personnel of the viewers. Theatre as a collaborative enterprise rely on the spoken words as well as the visual elements of costume, make-up, set, light, sound and properties to communicate effectively to the audience. Hence, the use of these elements should reinforce the words and actions at all times. Most often in recent times, the place and use of the visual elements are not only misleading but contradictory and compromising to the action and the content of the work.

Makeup is a very vital ingredient through which a good Nollywood production could be achieved. Makeup has been said to be the application of certain substances to a character’s body in order to give a proper interpretation of such characters and also enhance the character’s appearance on set. It is on this background that this project work aims to highlight the principles of designing and the application of Makeup to Nollywood productions.


1.2 Statement of the Problem

The problem that is evident here is that some makeup artists in Nollywood productions are solely after the application of makeup to a character’s face in a production. Whereas, makeup implies the use of materials to alter the physical features of an actor. Thus, it maybe to add a hunch back or to pad up the buttocks or to enlarge the breast and so on. This they do without taking note of the principles guiding the application of makeup which includes thus; the facial structure, skin tone, skin type and so on.

This however, has been seen in so many movies were the principles guiding makeup application are not carried out effectively.


1.3 Scope of Study

This project is intended to impact positively on the Nigerian home-made videos and especially of Nollywood, as well as to enhance the audience enjoyment and aesthetics of the performance.

Thus, the scope of this study is to focus exclusively on not just the common facial makeup on characters but also the principles of designing and applying makeup to characters in a Nollywood production.


1.4 Methodology of the Study

The methods of research used in this project are literally and historical methods. In the literally method, data{s} will be collected and analyzed. Books, Journals and other published works on this topic will be looked into. Finally, the historical method would entail the origin, development and significance of make-up in Nollywood. This will be analyzed in relation to how it affects the actors, the makeup artist and the audience at large in a production.


1.5 Significance of the Study

This research will be of great benefit to a makeup artist and designer in a film production. The students, who will want to do research in this topic, will also benefit. Thus, this work would serve as a reference material to the students and researchers of this topic. Also, it would be of great importance to the production crew, in order for them to know more on the principles of designing and application.


1.6 Limitations of the Study

During the course of this study, many things militated against its completion, some of which are:

  1. Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
  2. Establishment Policies: Establishment policies posed a serious limitation as most staffs are not ready to release information needed for this project work. There were lots of information needed from the staffs of this institution to enhance the study which took them time to release or they did not release at all for security purposes, hence the scope was reduced.
  3. Research material: availability of research material is a major setback to the scope of the study.
  4. Frequent power failure: This made the researcher append more money on fuel to ensure sustainable power.
  5. Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials.

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES


CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • 1.1 Background to the Study
  • 1.2 Statement of the Problem
  • 1.3 Scope of Study
  • 1.4 Methodology of the Study
  • 1.5 Significance of the Study

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.1 Functions of Theatrical Costumes and Make-up
  • 2.2 Causes of the New Trends in Nigerian Video Films
  • 2.2.1 Fashionable and Being in Vogue
  • 2.2.2 Creating Personal Identity
  • 2.2.3 Inadequate or lack of training of the designers

CHAPTER THREE

THEATRE: AN ART OF COLLABORATION

  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 The triangle; Author-Actor-Audience.
  • 3.3 Designer/Director Relationship
  • 3.4 The Play Text: a Literary Composition that Guides a Performance
  • 3.5 The Performance 
  • 3.6 The Costume Designer and the Visual Expressions of the Actor 
  • 3.7 The Production Conference
  • 3.8 The Action Chart
  • 3.9 Colour Chart
  • 3.10 Rendering
  • 3.11 The Budget /Finished Costumes
  • 3.12 Costume Parade/Technical Dress Rehearsal

CHAPTER FOUR

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

  • 4.1 Set Design
  • 4.2 Functions of set design 
  • 4.3 Processes of designing for film

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

  • 5.1 Summary of Findings
  • 5.2 Conclusion
  • 5.3 Recommendation

REFERENCES


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