INFLUENCE OF AGE AT MARRIAGE AND EDUCATIONAL LEVEL ON ANXIETY LEVEL OF WOMEN
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
Marriage is a social contract between two human beings of the opposite gender. The people concerned are not only physiologically mature but also traditionally recognized by their immediate neighbourhood as being qualified for the holy matrimony (OKoro, 1981). This is perhaps based on the fact that marriage is for people that have attended a certain age bracket with high degree of maturity. Marriage as a social contract is permanent and requires endurance and tolerance from both parties.
In some areas, the above concept of marriage has been neglected, thus exposing teenagers to early marriage. Early marriage is synonymous to child or adolescent marriage. A child is not really mature for any appreciable responsibility until he becomes an adult. On that note, early marriage is obviously defined as a union of either or two persons of the opposite sex as husband and wife without attaining physiological and psychological development (Eleonu, 1984).
Education is regarded as all of man’s activities which enable him realize himself and live fully as a human being or a process of influencing the young and inexperienced so that they may become worthy human beings and citizens (Onwuka, 1975). Basically, education is a process of harmonizing the individual within a given environment in such a manner as to enable him to develop his physical, mental, emotional and volitional capacities for the happiness and welfare of all. Based on the definition, education is a means to marital happiness.
The zeal to be educated empowers girls to stay in school, delay pregnancy and marry latter, these are essential interventions that can substantially improve their chances of becoming well informed, productive citizens.
Early marriage has robbed millions of women a whole opportunity for educational development and self-realization in all sphere of human endeavour. Many of them with little or no vocation in all sphere of human endeavour. Many of them with little or no vocational training cannot help but to engage in low-income employment if there is need for them to supplement the family income. Worst still, offspring of such mothers end up marrying early like their mothers and with low level of education. Also, many of these early married mothers and their children usually look wasted, emaciated and older than their age because of the trauma experienced in coping with their marital problems due to lack of education. Many of their children are malnourished and succumb easily to diseases.
Marriage as a union of a man and a woman is not meant for adolescent or children. It is an institution that would last as long as the world continues to exist; it should not be tackled in a haste. According to Obiageli (1989), it requires a thorough examination and re-examination. However, marriage is therefore God’s first human institution with direct responsibility of replenishing the world. It involves joint responsibility of mature opposite gender which are supposed to be ascribed with loving and caring for each other. But because of the rampant nature of teenage marriage, some families and marriage today are facing and experiencing the worst trying period; tension, anxieties, quarrels, fears, fighting, uneasiness and chaos have become the order of the day, thus, creating high blood pressure and premature death. This situation of marriage can be associated with low level of education, orphanage factors, many female children, accidental or unplanned pregnancy and the desire to enjoy the honour associated with matrimony, as well as cultural heritage accorded to married people.
However, motherhood at a very young age entails a risk of maternal death that is much greater than average, and the children of young mothers have higher levels of morbidity and mortality. Early child bearing continues to be an impediment to improvements in the educational, economic and social status of women in all parts of the world. Overall for young women, early marriage and early motherhood can severely curtail educational and employment opportunities and are likely to have a long term adverse effect on the quality of life of young women and their children.
Against all odds, it takes mental and physical maturity to make a successful marriage. Anatomically, it is known that bones continue to grow and stops between 18-20 years. By international conventions, 18 years has been established as the legal age of consent to marriage. Before this age, mental and physical maturity are inadequate. Hence, a youth who gets married before this age definitely does not have the where without to make a successful marriage.
Inspite of the desire of most teenagers in many culture these days to make great progress in their chosen fields and to lead a life of self reliance, the priority with many of them is marriage and a settled home with a living partner and children. But because of the problems accruing from early marriage and low level of education, these dreams have in most cases become a mirage. Perhaps, since the beginning of the world, the belief has been that a woman is created for nothing else but for marriage and rearing of children hence neglecting education. Thus, most culture however, have come to resolve that the earlier a girl takes up this role for the reason of her existence, the better.
Early marriage and low level of education lead to beginning sex quite early and this could cause some havoc on a girl’s physiological and emotional health. Based on that, it has become an absolute necessity to enact laws to safeguard the lives and health of our young girls to make sure that something that can be prevented is avoided. However, for the health and well been of the mother and child, it would be desirable to postponed marriage and face education till above the age of 20 years when the woman is mature enough both emotionally and physically. This in turn would reduce maternal and infant mortality rate, slow population growth and thus contribute to the improvement of the quality of the family generally.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
In view of the peculiar nature of women, physiologically and psychological, as well as their cultural and familial roles, their status fluctuate. Their mental health are more at risk, resulting sometimes in certain gender specific disorders like pauperial psychosis and menopausal complications due to hormonal imbalances. Based on the fluctuating mental health of women, the researcher wonders if some variables related to women have any link in their mental health. Such variables inherent in the women’s world are their personality, age at marriage, level of education, locality, socio-economic status etc.
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The purpose of the present study is to investigate if there is a relationship between early marriage and educational level of women on their levels of anxiety.
Specifically, the researcher assessed if there is a link between:
- Age of marriage and level of anxiety of women
- Educational level of women and their level of anxiety
1.4 Definition of Terms
Early Marriage:
Marriage in which the female is below the age of 18 years which has been established as the legal age of consent to marriage.
Educational Level:
The extent and quality of training acquired by an individual. Here low educational level is having little or no educational training as below SSCE while high educational level is having acquired enough educational training of B.Sc. or HND & above.
Anxiety:
Feeling of dread, apprehension or fear that is often accompanied by increased heart rate, perspiration, muscle tension and rapid breathing as measured here with the State Trait Anxiety Inventory.
Women:
Adult females of the human race or wife’s. Those used for the present study were selected from those that had early and late marriage.
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
Procedure for Downloading the PDF (Docx) Material
Influence of Age At Marriage and Educational Level on Anxiety Level of Women can be downloaded by requesting the full set of materials at the project or seminar cost. The document will be sent via Microsoft Word (MS-Word) format via WhatsApp (e-mail) following payment confirmation.
| Seminar Material Cost ₦3,000 | Project Material Cost ₦5,000 |
Request Complete Material
 | Click here to request the Complete Material via WhatsApp including;
|
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Influence of Age At Marriage and Educational Level on Anxiety Level of Women" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can this topic “The Effect of Road Congestion in Company’s Performance” be used for Transport Management Technology Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — Traffic congestion is the condition of traffic delay of vehicles and that relates to the difference between the existing roadway system performances and its actual condition. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of road traffic on the economy of Nigeria, using Ikwerre Road in Port Harcourt, River State as case study. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to examine the impact of road traffic on the economy of Nigeria, determine the relationship between the existing road traffic congestion and the work performance, evaluate the loss from the road traffic congestion, examine the physical/mental complications caused by the traffic congestion that affect work performance, and identify supporting policies that may need to …
Can this topic “Critical Discourse Analysis of Selected Political Campaign Speeches of Gubernatorial Candidates in South-Western Nigeria 2007-2014” be used for English Language Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — Previous studies on campaign speeches in Nigeria have tended to be a description and analysis of style, innovative and persuasive strategies of politicians, and manipulation of linguistic structures to champion individual interest in presidential election campaign speeches. There is the need to investigate how texts reproduce and sustain power and unequal power relations in campaign texts and how ideological or political undertone was projected in gubernatorial campaign speeches. The study uses Critical Discourse Analysis to examine the role of language in creating and sustaining power relations as well as ideological structures in South-Western Nigeria. These power relations are created, enacted and legitimated by the application of certain linguistic devices. The researcher attempts to unravel hidden meanings and connotations of power …
Can the material for “The Niger Delta Crisis - an Evaluation of the Management of the Amnesty Option” be used as a guide for Political Science Project?
Yes it can be used — Oil producing communities of Nigeria known as the Niger Delta region has been a region characterized with fierce violent conflict for more than a decade. The conflict is between successive Nigerian governments and their collaborating oil companies, and militant groups from the region. The study was carried out to evaluate the Management of the Amnesty Option in Niger Delta Crisis. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to determine the factors that prompted Nigerian Government to propose the Amnesty policy as a way of resolving Niger Delta Crisis and examine the level of success in the implementation of the Amnesty program by the government since inception. The core issue in the conflict are the social − …
Can the material for “Social Responsibilities of Business Establishment in Nigeria” be used as a guide for Public Administration (PA) Project?
Yes it can be used — This research deals with the social responsibilities of business establishment in Nigeria. A case study of lever brother (Nig) Plc. This research comprises of five chapter respondent were selected by means of stratified random procedure. Data were collected by the result of this research showed that the use of scholarship scheme sports and youth development programme medical and health care deliver scheme public enlightenment and orientation programme and community development project were powerful instrument for social obligation of lever brother if pursued. The finding of this research work called for urgent need and of knowledge and working out modality for all business organization to operate at a given conduct of social responsibility to its host community. The lever brother should work effectively …
Can the material for “The Determinant of Foreign Direct Investment in Nigeria” be used as a guide for Banking and Finance (BF) Project?
Yes it can be used — The research investigates the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Nigeria over the period for 1980-2007. Cochrane Ocutt method of regression was utilized in the study. The findings indicate that exchange rate (economic factor) and political instability are the crucial determinants of FDI in Nigeria. Domestic market size (represented by GDP), openness to trade and inflation are insignificant determinants of FDI. The regression model however, showed a significant fit with f-value of 36. 521 and adjusted R2 of 0.93 at 0.05 confidence level. It was also observed in the result that the behaviour of GDP and inflation to FDI is contrary to theoretical and empirical expectation of positive and negative relationship respectively. The findings suggest that policy measures, primarily directed at efficient …
Can the material for “Assessment of Physical Distribution System Used by Beverage Firms” be used as a guide for Purchasing and Supply (PS) Project?
Yes it can be used — This research work tries to appraise the assessment of physical in the management of customer service level in the beverage industry with special reference to beverage firm company Owerri. The focus of this research work is to find out the effect of distribution strategies and factors in the achievement of customer service level of beverage firm company, thus work further highlight on the assessment and impact of physical distribution in the creation of satisfied customers and the general profitability of the company. This project is composed of five chapter, chapter one is the introduction of the subject master, General description of the study, statement of problem, purpose of the study, relevant research question and hypothesis, definition of terms , significance as …
Can the material for “The Impact of Differential Wage Rates on Job Satisfaction” be used as a guide for Industrial Relations and Personnel Management (IRPM) Project?
Yes it can be used — This project aims at examining importance of difference in wages rate at different level of workers in an organisation. It will also look into how salaries will motivate to put in their best, to get the best outcome in an organisation. This project will make use of questionnaires as instruments to get information that will be useful for analysis as well as interpretation. Simple proportion percentage will be employed to test the validity of the responses. Finally, conclusion, summary, acid recommendation will be drawn up at the end of the research work. …
Can the material for “The Relevance of the New Pension Reform on Performance in the Public Sector” be used as a guide for Public Administration (PA) Project?
Yes it can be used — This research work discussed the relevance of the new pension reform on performance in the public sector in the ministry of finance and ministry of defence, Alausa Lagos State. The aim and object of this study is to examine the social, economic and motivational benefits of pension on active labour force, retiring and retired employees also to examine how effective the Pension Reform Act 2004 is on the Nigeria economy. Relevant data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. Questionnaire was the main primary data collected, instrument employed while data from various relevant publications constituted the sources of secondary data. Chi-Square was used to analyze the data. From this study, it can be deduced that pension is a fundamental …
Can this topic “Design and Implementation of an Online Course Registration System” be used for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — Online Course Registration System is vital recurrent procedures and processes in every tertiary institution system that is inevitable. The aim of the study is to design and implement an Online Course Registration System. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to develop an application software that will keep track of all the records needed to computer student’s results for online registration of courses and restrict registration of courses based on the mistake of registering the wrong course. The motivation that led to the implementation of the proposed system is that there is problem of proper registration of courses going by the laid down rules, lack of adequate guidance in course registration and students registering …
Can the material for “A Study of Factors Affecting Construction Cost Performance in Nigerian Construction Sites” be used as a guide for Building Technology (BT) Project?
Yes it can be used — The study was carried out to assess the Factors Affecting Construction Cost Performance in Nigerian Construction Sites using low-rise buildings in Nairobi Central Business District as a case study. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to determine the influence of cost of materials on the performance of construction projects in Nigeria and establish the influence of quality management on the performance of construction projects in Nigeria. Investigation revealed that maintaining steady cost projection on construction projects had been an issue of serious concern, both to the client and project contractors. Cost deviation from initial Cost plan, had been prevalent on Construction sites. However, little or no efforts has made to curtail the phenomenon, it is …