IMPACT OF COMPETITIVE MARKETING ON PERFORMANCE OF MULTINATIONAL AND INDIGENOUS FOOD AND BEVERAGE MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out on River Atuwara in Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria with the aim of developing a coefficient of re-aeration model applicable to River Atuwara and other rivers in the Nigerian environment. This was achieved by sourcing for data once every month from 22 sampling locations of interest within a pre-selected segment of the river over a period covering the dry and wet seasons. The data collected include hydraulic data (depth, width, velocity and time of travel) and water quality data such as Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD). Excel Spreadsheet and MATLAB were used for data processing. Regression analysis was carried out where stream velocity and depth were the regressors and the re-aeration constant k2 (as a function of BOD, DO and Temperature) was the dependent variable.
A coefficient of re-aeration, k2, (Atuwara re-aeration model) was developed and validated statistically. Its performance was also verified by comparing the model with 10 other internationally recognized models. It was found that even though Atuwara model performed better than Agunwamba model and most of the other well cited models, both Atuwara model and Agunwamba model could be safely adopted for future water quality modelling researches in the Nigerian environment.
Results of detailed water analysis of samples from River Atuwara shows high level of pollution hence it is unfit for human consumption without adequate treatment. It is recommended that River Atuwara and similar rivers in the country should be regularly monitored for quality control.
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
1.1 Background Information
Fresh water sources can be broadly categorized into groundwater and surface water (Chapman, 1992). Surface water can again be sub-divided into ‘‘running’’ surface water bodies and ‘‘stationary’’ surface water bodies. Examples of the former include rivers, streams, and brooks while examples of the latter include lakes and ponds. The most abused of all surface water bodies are the running surface water bodies because people tend to believe that by disposing their wastes into these running water, they have been rid of their waste disposal problems. In spite of its relative abundance, water is still a very scarce resource when it is needed in its fresh form because 97.5% of all available water is salt water (Krantz and Kifferstein, 2007; UNESCO, 2006). Of the remaining 2.5%, 70% of it is frozen in the polar ice caps. The other 30% is mostly present as soil moisture or is trapped in underground aquifers. In the end, only 0.007% of all water on earth is readily accessible as fresh water for direct human use (UNESCO, 2006; Krantz and Kifferstein, 2007).
1.1.1 Water Sources Distribution in Nigeria
Record shows that 29% of Nigerians live in the rural areas, 33% reside in small towns and 38% live in the urban areas (FGN, 2000). World Bank (2005) also revealed that 91% of Nigerians living in the rural areas (which translate to 37 million Nigerians, using the 2006 census data) had no access whatsoever to treated water. Most Nigerians derive their water from surface water (springs/stream/rivers), hand dug wells, rain harvesting, pipe borne water, boreholes and vendors (FGN, 2000). It is estimated that 48% (about 67 million) Nigerians harness surface water for their domestic needs, 57% (79 million) use groundwater, 20% (27.8 million) harvest rain, 14% (19.5 million) have access to pipe borne water while 14% use boreholes (FGN, 2000). According to Ahianba et al., (2008) 33.82% (47.3 million) Nigerians depend exclusively on surface water for their domestic water supply, 28.27% (39.3 million) on hand dug well sources, 24.38% (33.9 million) on pipe borne water, 11.83% (16.4 million) on borehole water and 1.7% (2.4 million) on water vendors (Fig. 1.1). Another interesting statistic suggests that 54.6% (75.9 million) Nigerians use pit latrines exclusively, 13.71% (1.91 million) use water closet exclusively, 0.58% (806,
200) use the bucket system and 31.16% (43.3 million) Nigerians use other unsanitary methods (Fig 1.2). Some of these unsanitary methods include defecating in open fields and disposal into surface water bodies (Ahianba et al, 2008). When rain falls, all the defecations disposed on land get washed down into the surface water bodies as non-point source pollution. This is beside the pollution being discharged into surface water bodies by industries. It can be inferred, therefore, that 47.3 million Nigerians are potentially at risk of epidemic outbreak if our surface waters are not adequately protected through legislations guided by scientific facts.
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
Procedure for Downloading the PDF (Docx) Material
Impact of Competitive Marketing on Performance of Multinational and Indigenous Food and Beverage Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria can be downloaded by requesting the full set of materials at the project or seminar cost. The document will be sent via Microsoft Word (MS-Word) format via WhatsApp (e-mail) following payment confirmation.
| Seminar Material Cost ₦3,000 | Project Material Cost ₦5,000 |
Request Complete Material
 | Click here to request the Complete Material via WhatsApp including;
|
TABLE OF CONTENTSPRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Theoretical Framework
- ⋮
- 2.4 Empirical Studies
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of Study
- 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
- 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
- 3.9 Ethical Consideration
- 3.10 Statistical Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of Findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Impact of Competitive Marketing on Performance of Multinational and Indigenous Food and Beverage Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
PRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Theoretical Framework
- ⋮
- 2.4 Empirical Studies
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of Study
- 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
- 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
- 3.9 Ethical Consideration
- 3.10 Statistical Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of Findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Impact of Competitive Marketing on Performance of Multinational and Indigenous Food and Beverage Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can this topic “Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Nigeria (1986-2016)” be used for Economics Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — The study examined the energy consumption and economic growth in Nigeria, using the time frame 1986-2016 (30years). It was established in the study that before the introduction of appropriate energy consumption, energy sector funds were grossly mismanaged, contracts were awarded based on ‘connection’ rather than on merit and high occurrence of corruption in Nigerian power sector. Since power sector has been seen as an important instrument tool to be used by the government to improve the economy, the appropriate growth from power supply have strengthened all sectors in Nigeria economy and minimize the incidence. The result of the study reviewed that: Energy consumption has significantly relationship with economic growth in Nigeria between 1986-2016 (30years). The study concluded that Energy consumption has significantly …
Can the material for “The Role of Commercial Bank in Agricultural Financing” be used as a guide for Banking and Finance (BF) Project?
Yes it can be used — The object of this study is to determine the vital role played by commercial banks in Agricultural financing in Enugu State, which has been a major handicap to Agricultural Development today. The study arose from the fact the question to achieve self sufficiency in food produce is one of the highest priority areas facing most of the world’s people today Chapter one deals with statement of the problems, introduction, purpose and significant of the study, scope mid limitation of the study, definition of term. Chapter two deals with reviews of related literature, which includes policy and means to boast agricultural scheme, types of loan factor and in agricultural financing. Chapter three deals with research design & methodology. Sources of data location of data, and …
Can the material for “Urban Banking: A Tool for Economic Development” be used as a guide for Banking and Finance (BF) Project?
Yes it can be used — The purpose of this study is to examine the Urban Banking Scheme as a tool for economic development with emphasis on the First Bank of Nigeria Plc, Benin City, Ring Road branch. The over riding problem in Nigeria which affects the development of Urban Banking is the developed and poorly adopted financial practices which prevail in the country. The project takes a look at the content to which Urban Banks have been able to meet the needs of the people through their policies in financing projects. In chapter one, it looks at the historical background, statement of problem, research questions, objectives of the study, the significance of the study, scope of the study, limitation of the study and the definition …
Can the material for “Strategies for Minimization of Financial Audit Problems in Public Sector” be used as a guide for Business Administration and Management (BAM) Project?
Yes it can be used — The purpose of this research work is to identify strategies for the minimization of financial audit problems in the public sector. The researcher addressed the under listed problems in the process of the research. The public sector is plagued with inefficiency which is needed to be improved. She wanted to find out; how often auditors give audit reports in public sector. If public sector auditor can be skilled to cope with the present computerization of government account, If the internal auditors in the public sector are very effective. The researcher embarks on this study for the purpose of expressing lapses present in the audit of government account in PHCN and also addresses such problems that may arise from the statement …
Can this topic “Design and Implementation of an Online Library Management System” be used for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — A library management system software package is designed especially to handle book-keeping tasks and students entry and exits period. The aim of this study is to design software that will Design and implement an Online Library Management System. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to Control the inflow and outflow of stock/materials in the library, store books using IDs assigned to each book, assist in the management and record library stocks and give account of borrowed and un borrowed books. The motivation that led to the implementation of the proposed system is as a result of poor determination books due and overdue, lack of comprehensive database for book stocked in the library and verifiable borrowed …
Can the material for “Design and Implementation of a Computerised Transcript Generating System” be used as a guide for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be used — Transcript is the summary of each of the two-year performance either in (OND) ordinary National Diploma or (HND) higher national diploma. The aim of this study is to design and implement Computerized Transcript Generating System. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to design and develop an application software that will Provide security measure to check students mischievous act of changing marks on the result sheet., and reduce in the amount of resources, which in turn will lower the cost of processing of student’s transcripts, since information will be stored in a database with reduced data Redundancy. The motivation that led to the implementation of the proposed system is as a result of the …
Can the material for “The Role of Farmers Multi-Purpose Cooperative Societies in Accelerating Food Production” be used as a guide for Cooperative Economics and Management (CEM) Project?
Yes it can be used — The subject matter of this research is the role of farmer's multi-purpose cooperative society in accelerating food production. A case study of Orlu Local Government Area. The aim of the study is to determine the effective ways the role of farmers multi-purpose cooperative society can accelerate food production in different ways i.e. through marketing of food production, processing, supply of farm inputs and credit facilities. The researcher also research on the opportunities made available of these food productions and the means of getting them available for the members. The concept that leads to these Farmers Multi-purpose Cooperative Society, which was, researched through different research method/designs such as experimental research, descriptive research and etc. And also different data collection method such as personnel interview, …
Can the material for “WhatsApp as a Social Media Tool for Teaching and Learning in Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria” be used as a guide for Education Project?
Yes it can be used — Whatsapp is getting to be one of most tools for communication among people, where everyone can exchange, share, comment, discuss and create information and knowledge in a collaborative way. With the increase in Social media rapidly changing the communications landscape, it emergence has impacted significantly how students learn and the way instructors teach. In today tertiary institution settings, lecturers, students and others collaborate on the tasks of knowledge construction. The definition of social media is “the connections that exist between network of individuals” The impact of social media on teaching and learning condition is growing every year and its applications can fortify class materials, positively influenced exchanges, collaborative work and community oriented work, etc. The lecturers and students testing the …
Can this topic “Impact of Nano Particle on Thermal Conductivity of Composites” be used for Physics Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — The study evaluates the impact of Nano Particle on Thermal Conductivity of Composites. It covers the Modeling of thermal conductivity in composites, and the applications would benefit from the use of polymers with enhanced thermal conductivity. Polymer nanocomposites are commonly defined as the combination of a polymer matrix and additives that have at least one dimension in the nanometer range. Thermal conductivity of polymers is an important thermal property for both polymer applications and processing. Polymers typically have intrinsic thermal conductivity much lower than those for metals or ceramic materials, and therefore are good thermal insulators. Further enhancement of this thermal insulating quality can be achieved by foaming polymers. This study will be of immense benefit to researchers who intend …
Can the material for “Design and Implementation of a Computerized System for Face Detection and Recognition” be used as a guide for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be used — Face recognition and detection is an application for identifying, detecting object, analyzing the face, understanding the localization of the face and face recognition. The aim of the study is to design and implement a Computerized System for Face Detection and Recognition. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to develop an application software that will assist in maintaining a strong security in an organizational work environment, highlight areas of vulnerability in the new system and create a ridged and secure database for the organization to enable them secure their sensitive data and records. The motivation that led to the implementation of the proposed system is as a result of the issues with Face Detection …