FAULT-TOLERANT BROADCASTING AND GOSSIPING IN COMMUNICATION NETWORK
ABSTRACT
Broadcasting and gossiping are fundamental tasks in network communication. In broadcasting, or one-to-all communication, information originally held in one node of the network (called the source) must be transmitted to all other nodes. In gossiping, or all-to-all communication, every node holds a message which has to be transmitted to all other nodes. As communication networks grow in size, they become increasingly vulnerable to component failures. Thus, capabilities for fault-tolerant broadcasting and gossiping gain importance. The present paper is a survey of the fast-growing area of research investigating these capabilities. We focus on two most important efficiency measures of broadcasting and gossiping algorithms: running time and number of elementary transmissions required by the communication process. We emphasize the unifying thread in most results from the research in fault-tolerant communication: the trade-offs between efficiency of communication schemes and their fault-tolerance.
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
1.1 Background Of The Research
This research is mostly concerned with two fundamental tasks in network communication: broadcasting and gossiping. They both aim at disseminating information among nodes. In broadcasting, also called one-to-all communication, information originally held in one node of the network (called the source) has to be transmitted to all other nodes. In gossiping, or all-to-all communication, every node holds a message (value) which must be transmitted to all other nodes. These types of network communication often occur in distributed computing, e.g., in global processor synchronization and updating distributed databases. Moreover, such communication tasks are implicit in many parallel computation problems, where data and results are distributed among processors. This happens, e.g., in matrix multiplication, parallel solving of linear systems, parallel computing of Discrete Fourier Transform, or parallel sorting
As communication networks grow in size, they become increasingly vulnerable to component failures. Some links and/or nodes of the network may fail. It becomes important to design communication algorithms in such a way that the desired communication task be accomplished efficiently in spite of these faults, usually without knowing their location ahead of time.
1.2 Statement Of Research Problem
Reliability of message transmission is a critical issue in communication networks. As communication networks grow in size, they become increasingly vulnerable to component faults, such as link or node failures. Broadcasting and gossiping are fundamental tasks in network communication, and it becomes important to design reliable broadcasting and gossiping schemes that work for networks as sparse as possible.
Even though a component in a communication network may not fail completely, nevertheless a message may be corrupted when passing through this component. One way to verify the correctness of a given message is to arrange for nodes in the network to receive the message multiple times. For example, in broadcasting (one-to-all communication) from a given source node u, if a message sent by u is received by all other nodes at least k+1 times, then each node can perform k checks against the original message to verify that it has not been corrupted in transmission. Similar behavior would be useful for gossiping (all-to-all communication) where information originally held in each node is to be communicated to all other nodes. In gossiping, in a communication step, all information held by each end node in the link is exchanged. For an n-node network, we consider the problem of determining the minimum number of network links required to support this k-fold verifiability for broadcasting and gossiping.
1.3 Objectives Of The Study
A fault-tolerant broadcast protocol is a distributed program that ensures delivery of a message to the functioning processors in a computer network, despite the fact that processors may fail at any time. Fault-tolerant broadcast protocols have application in a wide variety of distributed programming problems.
Based on the issues discussed as the research problem the researcher now seeks to address the problem by solving them
- A network where the buffer memory will have enough space to manage all message it received by the interface unit,
- A network interface unit that will be monitoring the network at the time the message is delivered
Thus, while current broadcast networks allow messages to be broadcast, they do not directly support fault-tolerant broadcasts so this research work will be design to have such.
1.4 Significance Of The Study
- Academicians and students of accounting and other allied courses in tertiary institutions in Nigeria will benefit from this study. This is because this study will enable them (at least to some extent) to know the gap between fault tolerant in communication network and gossiping in broadcasting.
- The research will also be beneficial to the researcher. This is because the study will expose the researcher to so many related areas in the course of carrying out his research. This will enhance the researcher’s experience, knowledge and understanding of fault tolerant broadcasting and gossiping in communication network.
- Finally, the research will contribute to knowledge and serve as a secondary document for any other researcher in a related area.
1.5 Definition Of Terms
Fault tolerance:
Is the property that enables a system to continue operating properly in the event of the failure of (or one or more faults within) some of its components.
Gossip protocol:
A gossip protocol is a style of computer-to-computer communication protocol inspired by the form of gossip seen in social networks. Modern distributed systems often use gossip protocols to solve problems that might be difficult to solve in other ways, either because the underlying network has an inconvenient structure, is extremely large, or because gossip solutions are the most efficient ones available.
Networks:
A network is a group of two or more computer systems linked together. There are many types of computer networks, including the following: local-area networks (LANs): The computers are geographically close together (that is, in the same building).
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
Procedure for Downloading the PDF (Docx) Material
Fault-Tolerant Broadcasting and Gossiping in Communication Network can be downloaded by requesting the full set of materials at the project or seminar cost. The document will be sent via Microsoft Word (MS-Word) format via WhatsApp (e-mail) following payment confirmation.
| Seminar Material Cost ₦3,000 | Project Material Cost ₦5,000 |
Request Complete Material
 | Click here to request the Complete Material via WhatsApp including;
|
TABLE OF CONTENTSPRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Theoretical Framework
- ⋮
- 2.4 Empirical Studies
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of Study
- 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
- 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
- 3.9 Ethical Consideration
- 3.10 Statistical Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of Findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Fault-Tolerant Broadcasting and Gossiping in Communication Network" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
PRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Theoretical Framework
- ⋮
- 2.4 Empirical Studies
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of Study
- 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
- 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
- 3.9 Ethical Consideration
- 3.10 Statistical Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of Findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Fault-Tolerant Broadcasting and Gossiping in Communication Network" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can the material for “Determination of Insecticidal Effect on the Essential Oil of Seed and Leaf of Hyptis Suaveolens on Bean Weevil” be used as a guide for Microbiology Project?
Yes it can be used — The study determines the Phytochemical Composition and Insecticidal Effect on the Essential Oil of Leaf and Seed of Hyptis Suaveolens on Bean Weevil. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to determine the Phytochemical Composition on the Essential Oil of Leaf and Seed of Hyptis Suaveolens on Bean Weevil, examine the effect of Insecticidal on the Essential Oil of Leaf and Seed of Hyptis Suaveolens on Bean Weevil, and provide information of Insecticide Materials Preparation and bean weevil treatment procedures for the Experiments. The Essential Oil of Leaf and Seed of Hyptis Suaveolens on Bean Weevil is a prominent problem as most smallholder farmers are yet to fully integrate synthetic insecticides into their insect pest management …
Is the topic “Design and Implementation of a Computerized System for Automated Loan Lending” recommended for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — Loan Lending is the principal business activity for most commercial banks. The loan portfolio is typically the largest asset and the predominate source of revenue. Many banks do not have an automated system specifically to manage loan lending information. This situation makes it difficult to instantly confirm loan information or get reports when needed. To solve this problem, a loan lending management system is needed to aid the easy capturing and updating of loan information of customers and verification of loan lending records. The aim of the study is to develop a loan lending record management system The following are the objectives of the study which is to develop a system that will; aid registration of loan records, serve a …
Can this topic “Effects of Problem-Solving and Discussion Teaching Methods on Students’ Achievement in Genetics” be used for Education Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — The study investigated the effects of problem-solving and discussion teaching methods on students’ achievement across ability levels in genetics. The study adopted a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design with non-equivalent control group. The sample for the study consisted of 122 senior secondary III biology students. Purposive sampling was used to select four schools in Gombe education zone. The instrument used for the study is the Genetics Achievement Test (GAT) designed by the researcher. Section A of the instrument contained 20 multiple-choice items, section B contained 2 essay questions all for the measurement of students’ achievement in genetics. Four research questions and four hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The data collected were analyzed …
Can the material for “The Role of Information and Communications Technology in Public Sector Administration” be used as a guide for Public Administration (PA) Project?
Yes it can be used — Communication technologies have come to play a vibrant role in democratizing education not only in the developed but also in the developing countries. However, in spreading the use of information and communication technology some major difficulties are feet by the policy makers as well as the implementers, these difficulties are felt both at the growth and application stages of communication technology, the problems associated with the growth of ICT that have been focused upon in then paper are political factors, economics factors, cultural factors and technological factor. The major objectives of this project is to measure, analyze, evaluate and provide guidance on initiatives employing the current generation of ICTS in the workplace and communities and to foreshadow the possible impact …
Can the material for “The Impact of Money Supply on the Economic Growth of Nigeria” be used as a guide for Economics Project?
Yes it can be used — The study examined the impact of money supply on economic growth in Nigeria. In the model specified, real gross domestic product (real GDP) is the regress while broad money supply, real exchange rate, and real interest rate are the regressors. Data was collected from CBN statistical Bulletin for the period 1981 − 2010. The statistical techniques used for the analysis is the ordinary least square techniques with the aid of Stata 10 software package. The research indicates that real interest rate and real exchange rate in Nigeria within the period under study failed to influence real gross domestic product while broad money supply being the only significant regressor influenced real gross domestic product (real GDP) within the period under study. It …
Can this topic “The Spiral of Silence of Nigerian Parents towards Abuse use of Social Media” be used for Mass Communication (MC) Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — Spiral of Silence is the idea of one-way communication from source to destination, where source considered being electronic media or printing media whereas source destination was individuals who receive the messages from traditional media. The aim of the study is to examine the Spiral of Silence of Nigerian Parents towards Abuse use of Social Media among Youth and it's Effect on Nigeria Future. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to determine how the youth in Nigeria abuse the use social media in their daily lives, determine if the youth in Nigeria prefer social media as means of communication as opposed to traditional methods, find out the impacts social media has on behavior changes among the …
Can this topic “Design and Implementation of Web Based Land Information System” be used for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — Land is a free gift of nature and a factor of production, land tenure is the name given, particularly in common law system to the legal regime in which land is owned by an individual, due to the fact that keeping records of lands and their owners has been a great task to government and the government access to land Information proves difficult that most times people are defrauded due to lack of Land Information illegal sales of land without the consent of the owner are very common. The aim of this study is to design and implement a Web Based Land Management Information software that will keep Information. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out …
Can the material for “Effective Communication and Organizational Performance” be used as a guide for Business Administration and Management (BAM) Project?
Yes it can be used — The importance of communication in achieving organisational objectives cannot be over emphasized. The current study examines effective communication and organisational performance of Nigerian breweries Plc. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The population of the study comprises of all employees of Nigerian breweries Plc. Simple random sampling techniques was adopted for the study. The study randomly selects 264 employees of Nigerian Breweries where data were collected from these employees through the use of structured questionnaire. The data retrieved from the questionnaire were analysed using descriptive statistics of mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics of correlation. All the analysis was carried out with the aid of SPSS. The finding of the study reveals that internal communication has positive and significant relationship …
Can the material for “A Study of the Negative Impact of Technological Development on the Secretary in a Modern Office” be used as a guide for Office Technology and Management (OTM) Project?
Yes it can be used — A secretary is an office-staff who combines the mastery of secretarial skills of typewriting and shorthand with office routine functions. The study examined the Negative Impact of Technological Development on the Secretary in a Modern Office. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to examine the kind of modern technology that exists in the organizations, appraise the changes which technological advancement can cause in the duties of secretaries and recommend measures for blending the job of the secretary and sophisticated modern equipment in achieving high productivity in offices. The problem of this study is that many secretaries has been displaced in the office while many others have been hindered from securing a good job by the …
Is the topic “The Effect of Training and Development on Employees’ Performance in Financial Institution of Nigeria” recommended for Industrial Relations and Personnel Management (IRPM) Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — This research focused on the effect of Training and Development on Employees’ Performance in Financial Institution of Nigeria with reference to First Registrars of Nigeria) also attention was drawn on certain specific areas of workers performance. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) along with percentage mean items, factors analysis were used to analyze eighty (80) questionnaires while ANOVA was used to test the hypotheses. There is increasing awareness of the need for staff training and development in the context of many firm’s development activities through the adoption of systematic approach in accessing the training needs of their workers which should be programme in line with set objectives. Proper staff selection methods should be adopted, while close job analysis followed by …