DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF CORRUPTION REPORTAGE IN NIGERIAN DAILIES
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
1.0 Background to the Study
Corruption is a natural phenomenon; hence it has become a household name in modern society. In fact, the existence of ‘corruption’ dates back to the fourth century BC (Bardhan, npn). Noonan (235) says …corruption, it seems, is everywhere a “world of evil and disease”. In his own opinion, Klitgaar (21) posits that corruption not only distorts social, political and economic systems,but also illuminates crucial problems around organizations and their managements. It is a concept that has dominated discussions in social science disciplines especially political science and sociology, (e.g. Heidenheimer and Johnston, 2001; Nye, 1967; Warren, 2004; Kaufmann, 1997; Tanzi, 1998; Jain, 2001; Khondker, 2006; Bassey et al, 2013; Rose-Ackerman, 1999; Nuijten and Anders, 2007). There is widespread agreement that corruption represents one of the most pressing issues facing business and society today (Riyan, in Breit1).
Broadly speaking, some scholars view ‘corruption’ as a dysfunctional trait of individuals, organizations and societies. By illuminating key struggles, conflicts and contradictions embedded in different understandings of corruption, they advocate a view of corruption as a socially constructed phenomenon. (e.g. Chibnall and Sounders 89; Grannovetter, npn). More specifically, the discussions accentuate an acute aspect largely ignored by corruption scholars; namely: the role of language and discourse in efforts to make sense of and give sense to corruption. They enable explorations into the discursive processes through which specific notions of corruption are articulated, reproduced and transformed (Breit 1-2).
This dissertation however, is hinged on the analysis of the media reportage of corruption proceedings between 2015 and 2016 in Nigeria. The issue of corruption is not a myth to a
country like Nigeria, especially now that it has been rated among the most corrupt countries in the World. Nigeria is the number 136th least corrupt nation out of 175 countries, according to the 2015 Corruption Perceptions Index (Transparency International, 2016). The fight against corruption and media reportage span through successive administrations in Nigeria. It started with the first military coup in 1966 and since then, it has been part of the successive administrations including the present Muhammadu Buhari’s government. Based on this, the role the media play in their reportage of court proceedings especially between the period of 2015-2016 cannot be undermined; hence, the need for assessment. This, therefore, motivates this study. In addition, the role of the media is to serve as ‘watchdogs’ of the society and thus is expected to uncover and report problematic events especially in the recent time where Nigerians hear more of high profiled cases like the corrupt cases involving the Senate president, the former National Security Adviser, former Governors etcetera. The study will achieve this using Critical Discourse Analysis approach.
Critical Discourse Analysis (henceforth CDA) is a discourse methodology that studies language in relation to social issues and practices. Discourses are prevailing ways of knowing, valuing and experiencing the world. Discourses are extensively used in everyday contexts for building power and knowledge, for regulation and normalization, for the progression of new knowledge and power relations and for hegemony.
One may suppose that “discourse” is a more extensive term than “text.” According to Fairclough, “I shall use the term discourse to refer to the whole process of social interaction of which a text is just a part.” (24) Given the power of written and spoken texts (from either print or electronic media), Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is instrumental for describing, interpreting and critiquing social life reflected in texts .Van Dijk (19) adds that CDA is related to studying and analyzing written texts and spoken words to disclose the discursive sources of power, dominance, inequality and bias and how these sources are initiated, maintained, reproduced, and transformed within specific social, economic, political and historical contexts . This, therefore, serves as the framework upon which this study is built for ease of understanding the papers Ideological Discursive Formation (IDF).
1.1 Statement of the Problem
Various researches on media reportage have been conducted by linguists especially in the field of stylistics or literary linguistics, only a few have investigated Critical Discourse Analysis as a tool at the time of this research.This study will, therefore, examine the Nigerian media reportage on corruption related proceedings using ‘Ideology,’ ‘power,’ and ‘context’ which are integral parts of CDA to unravel the underline ‘Ideological Discursive Formation’ in their texts.
1.2 Aim and Objectives of the Study
This study aims at establishing the underlined ideology (IDF) and power play in the reportage of corruption related proceedings by the Nigerian Media. This aim will be further established in the following objectives:
- That each Nigerian media has its own IDF which drives its thought and shapes its reportage.
- Whether or not corruption related proceedings have been appropriately reported in spite of different political affiliations of the news editors or even the proprietor of the news establishment.
- That the reporters have some linguistic devices or vocabularies that dominate their text for peculiar reason or reasons.
- That every news on corruption reportage carries along with it issues of power play between social actors in the discourse.
1.3 Significance of the Study
The significance of this study cannot be over emphasized. It is an advancement of the existing studies on corruption reports in Nigeria especially from a discourse analysis point of view. The study will unearth the underlined ideological formations that guide media reportage on corruption. It will also expose the power exhibited through the use of language, as well as reportage of the media on corruption cases. At the end of the study, therefore, students of language and researchers would find it resourceful in their future endeavours.
1.4 Research Questions
At the end of the study, the following questions would have been answered:
- What is Critical Discourse Analysis?
- What IDF controls the thought and shapes the text of Nigerian media reportage?
- Has reportage of corruption related proceedings been affected as a result of the political affiliation of either the editors or proprietors of the media establishment?
- What power has been exhibited through the media reportage?
- What identity is being exposed in the media report on corruption?
- What linguistic devices or vocabularies dominate the text and for what reason(s)?
1.5 Methodology
This research work is content analysis based on secondary data. The data for analysis are collected newspapers and television reportages, while a review of literature was done from source materials which include text books, hand books, articles from journals etcetera that are relevant to this research. The methodology adopted for this study will be further elaborated in chapter three under the research design.
1.6 Scope and Limitation
This study is a Critical Discourse Analysis of media reportage on corruption related issues. It covers five media outfits; that is two (2) print media (newspaper) and three (3) broadcast media (television). The reports are randomly selected between 2015 and 2018. In this work, the researcher has adopted ‘Ideology’ and ‘Power’ which are integral parts of Critical Discourse Analysis to establish the Ideological Discursive Formation (IDF) of each of the selected media outfits and how such has been projected in their reportage. The selected print media are: ‘The Nation’ newspaper and ‘The Sun’ newspaper. The Broadcast media include: Channels Television, Nigerian Television Authority (NTA) and Africa Independent Television (AIT). The choice of these media establishments is purposive for their wide coverage in Nigeria and beyond especially the Broadcast media so selected.
The limitation to this study is solely the researcher’s inability to explore all the available print and broadcast media in their respective languages of information dissemination and even the social media, which today has more coverage, for want of time and need for specificity. Also, the work is limited to Critical Discourse Analysis with emphasis on Ideological Discursive Formation (IDF). The limitation is because this study cannot handle all the areas of study in Discourse Analysis.
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
Procedure for Downloading the PDF (Docx) Material
Discourse Analysis of Corruption Reportage in Nigerian Dailies can be downloaded by requesting the full set of materials at the project or seminar cost. The document will be sent via Microsoft Word (MS-Word) format via WhatsApp (e-mail) following payment confirmation.
| Seminar Material Cost ₦3,000 | Project Material Cost ₦5,000 |
Request Complete Material
 | Click here to request the Complete Material via WhatsApp including;
|
TABLE OF CONTENTSPRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.0 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Theoretical Framework
- ⋮
- 2.4 Empirical Studies
- 2.5 Research Gaps
- 2.6 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of Study
- 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
- 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
- 3.9 Ethical Consideration
- 3.10 Statistical Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of Findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Discourse Analysis of Corruption Reportage in Nigerian Dailies" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
PRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.0 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Theoretical Framework
- ⋮
- 2.4 Empirical Studies
- 2.5 Research Gaps
- 2.6 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of Study
- 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
- 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
- 3.9 Ethical Consideration
- 3.10 Statistical Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of Findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Discourse Analysis of Corruption Reportage in Nigerian Dailies" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can the material for “Impact of Classroom Practices on Academic Performance Among Secondary School Students in Lagos Metropolis” be used as a guide for Education Project?
Yes it can be used — The study investigates the impact of classroom practices on academic performance among secondary school students in Lagos metropolis. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to determine the impact of classroom management practice on the performance of students in senior secondary schools in Lagos metropolis, determine the impact of adequate classroom culture on the performance of students in senior secondary schools in Lagos metropolis, ascertain the impact of small class size on the performance of students in senior secondary schools in Lagos metropolis, and ascertain the impact of the use of classroom management techniques on the performance of students in senior secondary schools in Lagos metropolis. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, …
Can the material for “Assessment of the Role of Government Agencies in Public Private Partnership in Housing Delivery in Nigeria” be used as a guide for Estate Management (EM) Project?
Yes it can be used — Nigeria faces a tremendous shortfall in housing provision, especially in its urban areas. Consequently, Public — Private Partnership in housing provision has been adopted as a means of addressing this problem. Several previous studies have focused on the role of government agencies in the government — provider approach to housing, but adequate attention has not been given to the role of government agencies in public — private partnerships in housing. This work attempts to fill this gap in literature by examining the role of government agencies in public — private partnerships in housing. A study of thirteen (13) government agencies in six selected Nigerian cities with more emphasis on the Imo State Housing Corporation was undertaken. The findings indicate that though the …
Can this topic “The Impact of Inflation on the Manufacturing Sector of the Nigerian Economy (1981-2011)” be used for Economics Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — This study analyses the linkage between inflation rate and manufacturing sector of the Nigerian economy over the period of (1981-2011). The study used data sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). The ordinary least square technique (OLS) was used to specify and examine the relationship between the variables Government expenditure, inflation rate and money supply which are the independent variables and the manufacturing index which is the dependent variable for the first model. The independent variables for the second model are consumer price index, Nominal interest rate and exchange rate while the dependent variable is the manufacturing index. The explanatory power of the models was given by the R2 of 11.799% for the first model and 62.85% for the second …
Can the material for “The Role of Non-Oil Export on Economic Development of Nigeria” be used as a guide for Economics Project?
Yes it can be used — This study is to examine the role of non-oil export on economic development of Nigeria and the objectives are as follows; to examine the relationship between non-oil export and the level of gross fixed capital formation in Nigeria, to examine the relationship between non-oil exports on real gross domestic product. The method applied in analyzing data for this work are based on statistical at descriptive methods of analysis. (regression analysis was used to analyses the respondents opinion. The finding is that there is significant relationship between non- oil export and economic development of Nigeria. In conclusion, several recommendations were made to assist policy makers about how to increase the production of non-oil exports in Nigeria. …
Can the material for “Causes and Effect of Mismanagement in Financial Institutions” be used as a guide for Banking and Finance (BF) Project?
Yes it can be used — The aim of this study is to appraise the causes and effect of mismanagement in financial Institution. To accomplish the above objectives to enable adequate management in financial Institution to achieved their basic aim in Financial Institution, Management have pose many problems such as having loss of trust by their customers in as much as not investigating on them anymore. Unable to abide by relevant laws especially before the financial ordinance. This research study has critically examined the Impact of mismanagement in our financial institutions. Therefore the findings are as follows; Lack of public awareness roles of accountant such as school of accountant like law school. Such as facilities as text books for fraises and computers for practicing accounting. …
Can the material for “The Problems of Duck Farming” be used as a guide for Agricultural Engineering (AE) Project?
Yes it can be used — This project work was carmed out in Ovia North West Local Government Area of edo state to examine the problems of duck farming within the area. 5o questionnaires were distributed among farmers in the local government but there response where only analyzed using simple frequency and percentages. From the analysis it was revealed that 30% the farmers attributed the problem of duck farming to disease condition which 80% identified some other problems. The result further revealed that 80% of the respondents attribute the non acceptance of duck meat of superstitions belief another 8% of the respondents further stated that there is no ready market for ducks and ducks raised are reared for family consumption, it was discovered that duck have …
Can this topic “Comparative Analysis of the Uterine Menstrual Cycle and the Hematological Indices of Students” be used for Physiology Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — The study was carried out to comparatively analyze the uterine menstrual cycle and the hematological indices of students in the University of Benin. Investigation revealed that the menstrual cycle is affected by so many various factors e.g. stress and changes in diet and iron. Several other studies showed no significant changes in Hemoglobin Concentration and RBC Count during various phases of menstrual cycle, Twenty student with normal menstrual cycle where used as the study subject. The three phase of the uterine cycle was studied and the hematologic indices analyzed. The researcher tried to make a comparative analysis on Hemoglobinand Red Blood Cell Count which showed no significant increase from Menstrual Phase (MP) to Secretory Phase (SP), which is in agreement …
Can the material for “Development and Validation of an Instrument for Assessing Junior Secondary Schools Mathematics Classroom Environments” be used as a guide for Mathematics Education Project?
Yes it can be used — Despite the important roles mathematics play in Educational advancement, students still lack interest and achieve poorly in the subject. Much emphasis has not been laid on the classroom environment as one of the factors that affect the teaching and learning of mathematics in the school system. Based on this, the researcher delves into the development and validation of an instrument for assessing junior secondary school mathematics classroom environment in Enugu State of Nigeria. The researcher identified some major construct attributes from where 108 items (students actual and students preferred) and 63 items teachers actual forms that constitute the elements of effective mathematics classroom environment came. The constructs were grouped into nine (9) scales. The scales are: Involvement, Affiliation, Teacher Support, Task-Orientation, …
Can the material for “Knowledge and Utilization of Cervical Cancer Screening Among Women” be used as a guide for Midwifery Project?
Yes it can be used — Cervical screening is the process of detecting and removing abnormal tissue or cells in the cervix before cervical cancer develops. The aim of the study is to examine the Knowledge and Utilization of Cervical Cancer Screening among Women of Child Bearing Age. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to: determine the knowledge and acceptability of Cervical Cancer Screening, assess the knowledge, attitude and practice towards cervical cancer and screening among Women of Child Bearing Age, carry out health education on cervical cancer and screening, which is the intervention group, and assess the effect of health education on knowledge, attitude and uptake of cervical cancer screening among women of reproductive age in Adeniran Ogunsanya …
Can the material for “Design and Construction of a 2kva Variac (0v-240v) Range” be used as a guide for Electrical / Electronics Engineering (EE) Project?
Yes it can be used — Variac is a single primary winding wrapped around a magnetic core is used as in the autotransformer but instead of being fixed at some point, the secondary is tapped continuously over the output voltage range. The aim of the study is to design and construct a 2kva (0v - 240v) range, with a step up of 20v at 10 step. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were set out to power the electrical/electronic and laboratory equipments with a fixed input voltage, design a system that will be able to vary voltage from 0V to 240V, construct the system stated in the aim above using locally available materials, and examine the design process of 2kva autotransformer with a step …