DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A WEB BASED STUDENT'S ACADEMIC TRANSCRIPT GENERATING SYSTEM

ABSTRACT

Students’ transcript is the summary of each of the two-year performance either in (OND) ordinary National Diploma or (HND) higher national diploma. The aim of this study is to design and implement Student’s Transcript Generating Software. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to design and develop an application software that will Provide security measure to check students mischievous act of changing marks on the result sheet., and reduce in the amount of resources, which in turn will lower the cost of processing of student’s transcripts, since information will be stored in a database with reduced data Redundancy. The motivation that led to the implementation of the proposed system is as a result of the misplacement of student records, student’s grades, slow and strenuous accessibility to students report and record, inaccurate record keeping and poor information management within the schools. The methodology adopted in this study is the structured system analysis and design methodology (SSADM) which is a technical approach for analyzing and designing an application or system by applying object throughout the software development process. The programming language used is HTML, CSS, JAVASCRIPT, PHP, SQL and JQUERY. The reason why web programming languages was used is because, it is platform independent and it is a web based application. This project is a computerized students’ transcript generation software which will help to over-come the undesirable problem associated with misplacement of student records, student’s grades, slow and strenuous accessibility of student report and record, inaccurate record keeping and poor information management within the schools This will aid in preventing over-working of personnel and reduce in the bulkiness of file and record. This program developed/designed will ensure easy flow of information in the school (caritas university), and accurate information management in all school. The expected result is a computerized Student's Transcript Generating Software that will enhance speedy of the results, eliminate errors due to manual processing and provide security measure to check student’s mischievous act of changing marks on the result sheet.

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

Students’ transcript is the summary of each of the two-year performance either in (OND) ordinary National Diploma or (HND) higher national diploma. A transcript is also demanded by a student who has finished OND/HND and wishes to transfer to another school or student who desire to secure a job. A transcript is not given directly to a student. It is sent to the school that the student wishes to transfer or to the establishment or organization, which the student wishes to secure a job. A students’ transcript is prepared or formed by the scores entered on the designed score sheet by the individual subject lectures on each semester examinations.

As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.

1.2 Background of Study

Over the years, several efforts have been made to alleviate the burden on teachers when it comes to result computation/processing. Data processing is defined as the entire process of converging or manipulating data into definite meaningful information. The information obtained at the end of the process is the result. Therefore result processing can be seen as a continuous process of converting data (which can be scores, grade points, credit units etc) into definite meaningful information, which can either be statement of result or transcript. The end point of data processing activity by the administrative unit is the product of basic documents and information (statement of result and transcript) from basic data (which can be students’ scores, course credit unit, grade point etc) for managements’ use.

Caritas University’s goal is to give efficacy to the university’s motto and to it’s philosophy of education. We embrace not only sound education for professional skills and competency in various fields; but also maintain strict discipline. We train the mind, body, soul and spirit in the exercise of obedience and self control. The students must not only be intellectually and professionally prepared for different tasks and roles in the world, they must also be morally equipped to face the world itself with all its tensions, conflicts, challenges and contradictions, we achieve this with the help of God Almighty who is with us always.

It is an established fact that after every assessment examination or research work, a result must be obtained. In any academic environment, there is need to have results to be aware of the students’ performance and generate transcripts whenever the need arises. To achieve this in higher institutions, it involves the registration of courses and students’ personal examination scores, computation of result, transcript generation, recorded and so on. However, the problem is how to carry out these activities presently. The result processing and transcript generation in computer science department is performed manually. Workers are employed to handle various stages of the process such as; registration of students, result computation and transcript generation. The introduction of computer in result processing and transcript generation will reduce the burden of manual processing to the barest minimum.

1.3 Statement of Problem

This project research was conducted exclusively conducted in a caritas university located in a highly populated area that attends to too many students at a time, hence this research was able to track problem such as misplacement of student records, student’s grades, slow and strenuous accessibility to students report and record, inaccurate record keeping and poor information management within the schools.

1.4 Aim and Objectives of the Study

The aim of this study is to design and implement Student’s Transcript Generating Software that will identify the problems inherent in the existing system of transcript management systems, and to proffer a remedy to the existing problem. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to design and develop an application software that will:

Provide security measure to check students mischievous act of changing marks on the result sheet.
Reduce in the amount of resources, which in turn will lower the cost of processing of student’s transcripts, since information will be stored in a database with reduced data Redundancy.
Ease school personnel attendance to many students without being over worked.
Make available the storage room that was used for storage of files.
Reduce in time used in retrieval of student’s files and the bulkiness of files and record.

1.5 Significance of Study

The project research haven’t identify the problem that was existing in the old system of operation, is designed specifically to come up with a more resound and effective system that will not only counteract this problem but also provides a detailed future plan that will give room for more information technological improvement in the transcript sector.

This study will be of immense benefit to other researchers who intend to know more on this study and can also be used by non-researchers to build more on their research work. This study contributes to knowledge and could serve as a guide for other study.

1.6 Scope of the Study

The study focuses on the Design and Implementation of Student’s Transcript Generating Software. This research work is limited to providing a digital transcript’s information management system that will handle electronically both students and staff record, to enable easy accessibility and information flow within the university.

1.7 Limitations of the Study

During the course of this study, many things militated against its completion, some of which are:

Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
Establishment Policies: Establishment policies posed a serious limitation as most staffs are not ready to release information needed for this project work. There were lots of information needed from the staffs of this institution to enhance the study which took them time to release or they did not release at all for security purposes, hence the scope was reduced.
Research material: availability of research material is a major setback to the scope of the study.
Frequent power failure: This made the researcher append more money on fuel to ensure sustainable power.
Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet).

1.8 Definition of Terms

Software: These are set of logically related instructions given to the computer to perform some specific tasks.

Data: It is a raw information or it is fact and figure collected.

Transcript: it is a paper that outlines all the courses grades, grade point average, cumulative grade point average and final cumulative grade point average of a student.

Statement of Result: This contains the FCGPA and the class of degree of a student. It is normally issued at the end of one’s academic program.

…

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …

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Preliminary Pages,
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References and Appendix.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRELIMINARY PAGES

Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of Contents
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Background of Study
1.3 Statement of Problem
1.4 Aim and Objectives of the Study
1.5 Significance of Study
1.6 Scope of the Study
1.7 Limitations of the Study
1.8 Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Conceptual Review
2.2.1 Benefits of the Design
2.2.2 Result and Process
2.3 Theoretical Review of Students’ Transcript
2.4 Concept of Student Registration
2.4.1 Online System User Registration
2.4.2 Usage of Online Registration Forms
2.5 Transcript Storage Web Portal
2.5.1 Types of Web Portals
2.6 Database for Student Transcript Web Portals
2.6.1 Merits of Integrating Databases in Web Applications
CHAPTER THREE
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
3.1 Methodology Adopted
3.1.1 Problem Identification Using SSADM
3.2 Analysis of the Existing System
3.2.1 Dataflow of the Existing System
3.2.2 Disadvantages Of The Existing System
3.2.3 Weakness of the existing System
3.3 Analysis of the Proposed System
3.3.1 Data Flow Diagram of the Proposed System
3.3.2 Advantages of the Proposed System
3.3.3 Justification of the Proposed System
3.4 Functional Requirements
3.4.1 Use Case Diagram Of The Admin / User Privileges
3.5 Data Requirements
3.6 High Level Model of the Proposed System
CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
4.1 Objectives of the Design
4.2 Cohesion and Decomposition High level Model
4.3 Control Center / Overall Dataflow Diagram
4.3.1 Proposed System Operation Flowchart
4.4 System Specification and Design
4.4.1 Input and Output Specification
4.4.2 Database Specification and Design
4.4.3 Data Dictionary
4.5 Choice and Justification of Programming Language
4.6 Program Documentation
4.7 Implementation Techniques
4.8 Programming Module Specification
4.8.1 Installation
4.9 Computer Hardware Minimum Requirement
4.10 Software Requirement
4.11 Personnel / User Training
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendation
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “SOURCE CODE”
APPENDIX B - “OBJECT PROGRAM”

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