DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A SOFTWARE BASED LUGGAGE BILLING SYSTEM FOR AN AIRLINE

ABSTRACT

An automated luggage billing device is an instrument, which is used in determining the weight of object placed on its load cell. The aim of the study is to Design and Implement an Online Luggage Billing System for an Airline. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to design and develop an application software that will keep luggage billing records of all incoming and outgoing immigrants, verify and give accurate bill for airline passenger luggage through the use of an internet accessible device and handle any luggage weighing objects and consequently requires the bill of airline passenger’s weight luggage. The motivation that led to the implementation of the proposed system is that the existing system is manual, this system is slow, time consuming and it is very difficult for each person to process luggage bills and to verify an individual's airline transport ticket through office agents. The methodology adopted in this study is the structured system analysis and design methodology (SSADM) which is a technical approach for analyzing and designing an application or system by applying object throughout the software development process. The programming language used is HTML, CSS, JAVASCRIPT, PHP, SQL and JQUERY. The reason why web programming languages was used is because, it is platform independent and it is a web based application. The knowledge of proposed system in an air line enables the computer and software based luggage billing department to know the type of luggage, contents, check the security of the luggage, number of luggage, owner of the luggage etc. The study will help to determine whether the company meets its target & service level in luggage billing system. The expected result is an Online Luggage Billing System for an Airline that will be very fast in computation, precise in bill determination, flexible, easy to read and has storage facilities. It will also facilitate easy adjustment and adaptability to suit other applications not incorporated in this design by hardware expansion and software modification.

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

An automated luggage billing device is an instrument, which is used in determining the weight of object placed on its load cell. This device may be constructed in such a way that it could be connected to a computer system for direct weight transmission and the whole system may become computerized using an effective software system. The system consists of a strain-guage transducer on which the luggage is placed. The gauge voltage is proportional to weight placed on it. The voltage is fed directly to an ADC means (Analog-Digital converter) which in turn converts the signals to corresponding binary code and presents it via register. The binary coded data is usually received by the decoder as signals from the input lives of the internal expansion. Electronic luggage billing is a bill payment method in which a customer can pay bills electronically over the Internet to an entity or organization. It is widely accepted by many government entities and other organizations. Due to multiple benefits provided by electronic billing, it is one of the most preferred methods of bill payment.

As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.

1.2 Background of Study

In science and technology, the desire for improvement is a constant subject which triggers advancements. This is visible in every ramification and the airline industry is not an exemption. Airline reservation systems were first introduced in the late 1950s as relatively simple standalone systems to control flight inventory, maintain flight schedules, seat assignments and aircraft loading. Today modern airline reservation systems are comprehensive suites of products to provide systems that assist with a variety of airline management tasks and service customer needs from the time of initial reservation through completion of the flight.

Sosoliso Airlines Limited was a scheduled, domestic, passenger airline. For much of its existence it had its head office in Ikeja, Lagos State (Sosoliso Airlines, 2009). It was established in 1994 and started operations in July 2000. The Nigerian government set a deadline of 30 April 2007 for all airlines operating in the country to re-capitalise or be grounded, in an effort to ensure better services and safety. Seven airlines failed to meet the deadline and as a result would not be allowed to fly in Nigeria's airspace with effect from 30 April 2007. These were: ADC Airlines, Fresh Air, Sosoliso Airlines, Albarka Air, Chrome Air Service, Dasab Airlines and Space World Airline. The affected airlines would only fly when they satisfied the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA)’s criteria in terms of re-capitalization and thus be re-registered for operation (Nigeria Direct, 2007).

The World Wide Web has become tremendously popular over the last four years, and currently most of the airlines have made provision for online reservation of their flights. The Internet has become a major resource for people looking for making reservations online without the hassle of meeting travel agents by implementing an online reservation system this ensures that reservation are not only generated by the airline own staff but also by any travel agent using a Global Distribution system or other airlines that have a multilateral Interline Traffic Agreement with the airline.

1.3 Statement of Problem

Investigation revealed that the existing system is manual, this system is slow, time consuming and it is very difficult for each person to process luggage bills and to verify an individual's airline transport ticket through office agents. Users inquire about the airline luggage bills through phones and it is very difficult for the user to remember all the details that they received through phones. It is very difficult to calculate how many people registered and how many seats on a particular plane are vacant. This requires quite a lot of time and wastage of money as it requires quite lot of manpower to execute.

1.4 Aim and Objectives of the Study

The aim of the study is to Design and Implement an Online Luggage Billing System for an Airline. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to design and develop an application software that will:

Keep luggage billing records of all incoming and outgoing immigrants;
Verify and give accurate bill for airline passenger luggage through the use of an internet accessible device;
Minimize cost of maintenance instead of spending more money in purchasing of new equipment, the money can be used in the maintenance of the faulty equipment;
Reduce the number of manpower (staff) with the introduction of the computer network (computerized); and
Handle any luggage weighing objects and consequently requires the bill of airline passenger’s weight luggage.

1.5 Significance of Study

The knowledge of proposed system in an air line enables the computer and software based luggage billing department to know the type of luggage, contents, check the security of the luggage, number of luggage, owner of the luggage etc. The study will help to determine whether the company meets its target & service level in luggage billing system. Specifically the study will be remarkable in that it will help in:

Checking exact content of the luggage so as to avoid transportation of dangerous and bad goods.
Extending a small (domestic) air line to a very large air-line to a very large air-line (international)
Having a good luggage checking for a good turn over and operation; and
Making an important contribution to the overall success in an air-line.

This study will be of immense benefit to other researchers who intend to know more on this study and can also be used by non-researchers to build more on their research work. This study contributes to knowledge and could serve as a guide for other study.

1.6 Scope of Study

The scope of this research focuses on the Design and Implementation of an Online Luggage Billing System for an Airline using Sosoliso Airline in Enugu State as a case study.

1.7 Limitations of the Study

During the course of this study, many things militated against its completion, some of which are:

Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
Establishment Policies: Establishment policies posed a serious limitation as most staffs are not ready to release information needed for this project work. There were lots of information needed from the staffs of this institution to enhance the study which took them time to release or they did not release at all for security purposes, hence the scope was reduced.
Research material: availability of research material is a major setback to the scope of the study.
Frequent power failure: This made the researcher append more money on fuel to ensure sustainable power.
Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet).

1.8 Definition of Terms

Billing: This is the process of preparing or sending invoices.

Weighing Device: It is an instrument used in determining the weight of an object placed on its load cell.

E-payment: E-payment can be simply defined as paying for goods or services on the internet. It includes all financial operations using electronic devices, such as computers, smartphones or tablets. It comes with various methods, like credit or debit card payments or bank transfers.

Invoice: An invoice is a document that lists the products and services a business provides to a client and establishes an obligation on the part of the client to pay the business for those products and services.

Customer: A customer is a person or company that receives, consumes or buys a product or service and can choose between different goods and suppliers.

…

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRELIMINARY PAGES

Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of Contents
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Background of Study
1.3 Statement of Problem
1.4 Aim and Objectives of the Study
1.5 Significance of Study
1.6 Scope of Study
1.7 Limitations of the Study
1.8 Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Theoretical Framework
2.3 Types of Information System
2.3.1 Transaction Processing System (TPS)
2.3.2 Management Information System (MIS)
2.3.3 Decision Support Systems (DSS)
2.3.4 Executive Support System (ESS)
2.4 Application of Reservation Systems
2.5 Theoretical Framework
2.5.1 Limitations of Airline Luggage Billing System
2.5.2 Luggage Billing System Web Portal
2.5.3 Types of Airline Luggage Billing System Web Portal
2.5.4 Database for Web Portals
2.5.5 Merits of Integrating Databases in Web Applications
2.6 Airline Reservations System for Airlines
2.6.1 Components of Reservation Information Systems
2.7 Review of Related Literature
CHAPTER THREE
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
3.1 Methodology Adopted
3.1.1 Problem Identification Using SSADM
3.2 Analysis of the Existing System
3.2.1 Dataflow of the Existing System
3.2.2 Disadvantages of the Existing System
3.2.3 Weakness of the existing System
3.3 Analysis of the Proposed System
3.3.1 Data Flow Diagram of the Proposed System
3.3.2 Advantages of the Proposed System
3.3.3 Justification of the Proposed System
3.4 Functional Requirements
3.4.1 Use Case Diagram Of The Admin / User Privileges
3.5 Data Requirements
3.6 High Level Model of the Proposed System
CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
4.1 Objectives of the Design
4.2 Cohesion and Decomposition High level Model
4.3 Control Center / Overall Dataflow Diagram
4.3.1 Proposed System Operation Flowchart
4.4 System Specification and Design
4.4.1 Input and Output Specification
4.4.2 Database Specification and Design
4.4.3 Data Dictionary
4.5 Choice and Justification of Programming Language
4.6 Program Documentation
4.7 Implementation Techniques
4.8 Programming Module Specification
4.8.1 Installation
4.8.2 Security Design Specification
4.8.3 System Architecture
4.9 Computer Hardware Minimum Requirement
4.10 Software Requirement
4.11 Personnel / User Training
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendation
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “SOURCE CODE”
APPENDIX B - “OBJECT PROGRAM”

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