DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPUTERIZED REFERENCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
ABSTRACT
Reference management system is a citation manager that allow for the computer-assisted management of sources. The aim of the study is to design and implement A Computerized Reference Management System. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to develop an application software that will enable users to reference quickly and accurately reference with APA format, MLA format, Chicago and Harvard referencing style.
The motivation that led to the implementation of the proposed system is that the issue of plagiarism has been a dominant concern for students especially in higher institutions of learning. Some students in Nigerian Universities, Polytechnics and Colleges of education find it difficult to properly reference a source of information with appropriate referencing styles approved by their institutions.
The methodology adopted in this study is the structured system analysis and design methodology (SSADM) which is a technical approach for analyzing and designing an application or system by applying object throughout the software development process. The programming language used is HTML, CSS, JAVASCRIPT, PHP, SQL and JQUERY. The reason why web programming languages was used is because, it is platform independent and it is a web based application.
The implementation of the proposed system will be of immense benefit to Tertiary Institutions such as; Colleges of Education, Polytechnics, and Universities. The study will contribute to the body of knowledge as it is relatively new. Student researchers, who find the topic interesting, will use the paper as a guide in developing other referencing systems. The expected result is A Computerized Reference Management System that will aid students in properly referencing or citing information when writing any academic paper.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction
Referencing simply refers to the process of citing or documenting the sources of quotes, theories, ideas, illustrations and diagrams used in writing a university research paper, essay, article, and assignments (Archibong, 2014). Referencing is an important task in the research writing process, as acknowledgements and other necessary credits need to be given to sources or authors where information is gotten from.
Reference management system is a citation manager that allow for the computer-assisted management of sources. Today, they enable the personal collection, organization, and use of citation information and support the management, analysis, and further utilization of the corresponding source material (Murphree et al., 2018).
Reference management systems are mainly organizational tools (Perkel, 2020). They are typically desktop applications with an associated web- based interface that allow writers to remotely access their individual libraries. Further, these reference management systems often include browser plug-ins, which facilitate the simultaneous import of citation information and the corresponding full text from scientific databases, journal web pages, or other online sources.
As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitation of the study and Definition of technical terms.
1.2 Background of Study
Originally introduced in the 1980s to reduce the effort of editing citation information, early desktop applications for reference management (e.g., Endnote, ProCite, Reference Manager) mainly provided functionalities for collecting references and integrating citation information into one’s own text in a formally correct manner (Kali, 2016; Murphree et al., 2018; Steele, 2008). Writers had to manually add the citation information as individual entries into the respective digital reference library, but could enrich them with personal notes. Full texts could usually not be saved or accessed directly.
Reference management software, citation management software or personal bibliographic management software is software for scholars and authors to use for recording and utilising bibliographic citations (Enrico,2013). Once a citation has been recorded, it can be used time and again in generating bibliographies, such as lists of references in scholarly books, articles and essays. The development of reference management packages has been driven by the rapid expansion of scientific literature.
These software packages normally consist of a database in which full bibliographic references can be entered, plus a system for generating selective lists of articles in the different formats required by publishers and scholarly journals. Modern reference management packages can usually be integrated with word processors so that a reference list in the appropriate format is produced automatically as an article is written, reducing the risk that a cited source is not included in the reference list. They will also have a facility for importing the details of publications from bibliographic databases.
1.3 Statement of Problem
Investigation revealed that the issue of plagiarism has been a dominant concern for students especially in higher institutions of learning (Neville, 2007). Some students in Nigerian Universities, Polytechnics and Colleges of education find it difficult to properly reference a source of information with appropriate referencing styles approved by their institutions.
However, there can be a fine line between plagiarism and poor referencing practice, and learner development and support units in further and higher education institutions report that students often struggle to understand, not just the ‘how-to’, but the ‘when to’ and ‘why’ aspects of referencing. Referencing sources in academic writing is such an integral part of academic writing that academic practitioners do not always give it the central attention it deserves.
1.4 Aim and Objectives of the Study
The aim of the study is to design and implement a Computerized Reference Management System. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to develop an application software that will:
- Enable users to reference quickly and accurately with Modern Language Association (MLA) format.
- Enable users to reference quickly and accurately reference with American Psychological Association (APA) format.
- Enable users to reference quickly and accurately using the Harvard referencing style.
- Enable users to reference quickly and accurately using the Chicago referencing style.
1.5 Significance of Study
The study will aid students in properly referencing or citing information when writing any academic paper. The study will contribute to the body of knowledge as it is relatively new. Student researchers, who find the topic interesting, will use the paper as a guide in developing other referencing systems.
1.6 Scope of Study
The scope of the research is focused on the Design and Implementation of a Computerized Reference Management System. The study is limited to the design and implementation of a computerized reference management system, using PHP and MYSQL programming languages. The implementation will cover four (4) major referencing/citation styles namely: MLA, APA, CHICAGO and HARVARD.
1.8 Limitations of the Study
During the course of this study, many things militated against its completion, some of which are:
- Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
- Research Material: availability of research material is a major setback to the scope of the study.
- Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet).
1.8 Definition of Terms
Reference:
It is a relation between objects in which one object designates, or acts as a means by which to connect to or link to, another object.
MLA:
It is an acronym for Modern Language Association
APA:
It is an acronym for American Psychological Association
System:
It is a set of things working together as parts of a mechanism or an interconnecting network; a complex whole.
Academic Paper:
It is a research paper usually written at tertiary institution.
Management:
It is the co-ordination of all the resources of an Organization through the process of planning, Organization, directing and controlling.
Reference Management System:
Reference management software, citation management software or personal bibliographic management software is software for scholars and authors to use for recording and utilising bibliographic citations (references).
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- ⋮
CHAPTER THREE
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
- 3.1 Methodology Adopted
- 3.1.1 Problem Identification Using SSADM
- 3.2 Analysis of the Existing System
- 3.2.1 Dataflow of the Existing System
- 3.2.2 Disadvantages Of The Existing System
- 3.2.3 Weakness of the existing System
- 3.3 Feasibility Study
- 3.3.1 Economic Feasibility
- 3.3.2 Technical Feasibility
- 3.3.3 Operational Feasibility
- 3.4 Analysis of the Proposed System
- 3.4.1 Data Flow Diagram of the Proposed System
- 3.4.2 Advantages of the Proposed System
- 3.4.3 Justification of the Proposed System
- 3.5 Functional Requirements
- 3.5.1 Use Case Diagram Of The Admin / User Privileges
- 3.6 Data Requirements
- 3.7 High Level Model of the Proposed System
CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
- 4.1 Objectives of the Design
- 4.2 Cohesion and Decomposition High level Model
- 4.3 Control Center / Overall Dataflow Diagram
- 4.3.1 Proposed System Operation Flowchart
- 4.4 System Specification and Design
- 4.4.1 Input and Output Specification
- 4.4.2 Database Specification and Design
- 4.4.3 Data Dictionary
- 4.5 Choice and Justification of Programming Language
- 4.6 Program Documentation
- 4.7 Implementation Techniques
- 4.7.1 System Testing
- 4.8 Programming Module Specification
- 4.8.1 Installation
- 4.9 Computer Hardware Minimum Requirement
- 4.10 Software Requirement
- 4.11 Personnel / User Training
- 4.12 File Maintenance Module
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “SOURCE CODE”
APPENDIX B - “OBJECT PROGRAM”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Design and Implementation of a Computerized Reference Management System" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
PRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- ⋮
CHAPTER THREE
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
- 3.1 Methodology Adopted
- 3.1.1 Problem Identification Using SSADM
- 3.2 Analysis of the Existing System
- 3.2.1 Dataflow of the Existing System
- 3.2.2 Disadvantages Of The Existing System
- 3.2.3 Weakness of the existing System
- 3.3 Feasibility Study
- 3.3.1 Economic Feasibility
- 3.3.2 Technical Feasibility
- 3.3.3 Operational Feasibility
- 3.4 Analysis of the Proposed System
- 3.4.1 Data Flow Diagram of the Proposed System
- 3.4.2 Advantages of the Proposed System
- 3.4.3 Justification of the Proposed System
- 3.5 Functional Requirements
- 3.5.1 Use Case Diagram Of The Admin / User Privileges
- 3.6 Data Requirements
- 3.7 High Level Model of the Proposed System
CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
- 4.1 Objectives of the Design
- 4.2 Cohesion and Decomposition High level Model
- 4.3 Control Center / Overall Dataflow Diagram
- 4.3.1 Proposed System Operation Flowchart
- 4.4 System Specification and Design
- 4.4.1 Input and Output Specification
- 4.4.2 Database Specification and Design
- 4.4.3 Data Dictionary
- 4.5 Choice and Justification of Programming Language
- 4.6 Program Documentation
- 4.7 Implementation Techniques
- 4.7.1 System Testing
- 4.8 Programming Module Specification
- 4.8.1 Installation
- 4.9 Computer Hardware Minimum Requirement
- 4.10 Software Requirement
- 4.11 Personnel / User Training
- 4.12 File Maintenance Module
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “SOURCE CODE”
APPENDIX B - “OBJECT PROGRAM”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Design and Implementation of a Computerized Reference Management System" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
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