DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ANDROID APPLICATION FOR IMPROVING FARMING ACTIVITIES

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

Farming activity is the cultivation of farmland for the production of crops, fruits, vegetables, ornamental and flowering plants, and the utilization of farmland for the prduction of dairy, livestock, poultry and all other forms of agricultural products having a domestic or foreign market (Lawinsider, 2021).

As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.

1.2 Background of Study

Maize farming is second main food crops after paddy in term of production among three major food crops of Nepal. Especially in hilly area, maize is considered as the important source of food. Maize is known as a traditional cereal crop in Nepal; nevertheless, its average productivity is low in comparison to other developed countries. Major reasons behind low production are lack of proper preparation of land, use of less quality seed and lack of proper use of organic and other fertilizers. Hence, there is great potential for increasing the maize production in Nepal if proper quality seeds and improved cultivation techniques are applied. Corn or maize (Zea mays L.) is an important cereal crop in the world. It provides staple food to many populations. Maize is the third most important cereal crop in Pakistan after wheat and rice. In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa it ranked second after wheat in its importance (Knoema, 2018).

In developing countries, maize is a major source of income to farmers among whom many are poor. Corn is used as animal’s feed and industrial raw material in the developed countries, while in developing countries mostly used as food for human and feed for animals. Maize is produce extensively in all agro-ecological zones of Nigeria, with its largest production in the Northern part of the country. Yellow and white maize are widely cultivated in Nigeria due to it adaptability. Maize production belt of Nigeria include; Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Yobe including Obubra (Cross River State), where the crop has been cultivated for multi-utilization. About 34-98.3m or 48% hectares of land is cultivated to Nigerian maize production. Maize grain produced in Nigeria are sold as a commercial crop for industrial, agro-based, medical, pharmaceutical and other related uses (Iken et al., 2004).

It is against the background that the developments of this software to enable farmer’s activity check, so the software users should not give false appointment information that is out of the software deeds. This research work is based on providing adequate information about farm activities records. At the end of this project, the research work, the software will be able to provide precise and concise farm activities records from the database.

1.3 Statement of the Problem

It is very unfortunate that the technology potentials have not been fully or even adequately realized in the field of farm management information. Very little farm managers have grabbed this powerful opportunity. This has put managers and researchers behind. Some of the problems militating against high decision performance and achievement of management goals are as follows:

Lack of quality information tool and sufficient fund
Lack of specialist in the field and technical knowhow.
Poor service rendered by the government
Poor perception of economic benefit, Management decline and Immobility

1.4 Aim and Objectives of Study

The aim of the study is to design an Android Application for Improving Farming Activities using Maize Farming Activities as a case study. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows:

To design an application that will accelerate decision performance
To automate all farm activities of management information system
To eliminate the steady decline in the farm management
To design an expert system
To make decision making very fast and reliable.

1.5 Significance of Study

In the event of the above mentioned faults and errors discovered in the manual system. It is believed that the introduction of an automated system of management information system will change the whole thing positively to the farm activities management.

This study will be of immense benefit to other researchers who intend to know more on this study and can also be used by non-researchers to build more on their research work. This study contributes to knowledge and could serve as a guide for other study.

1.6 Scope of Study

The study focuses on the Design of an Android Application for Improving Farming Activities using Maize Farming Activities as a case study.

1.7 Limitations of the Study

During the course of this study, many things militated against its completion, some of which are:

Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
Research material: availability of research material is a major setback to the scope of the study.
Frequent power failure: This made the researcher append more money on fuel to ensure sustainable power.
Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet).

1.8 Definition of Terms

Confine System: This is type of management system that does not interact with the system’s environment. The pigs under this system are controlled and they are not exposed to the environment

Computer: A machine used in modern times in organization and homes do manipulate data.

Data: Is a row fact that has no meaning.

Database: A collection of interrelated data stared with controlled redundancy to serve one or more application.

Information: Information is a data that has been evaluated. It is a processed data.

Information System: A systematic way of organizing the handling of information, from information gathering to information retrieval and use.

Management: The process of procuring, allocating, combing and utilizing or organizational resources expressed usually as 3ms (men, materials and money) through planning organizing directing and controlling activities of work of the organization member to reach certain stated objectives.

Management Information System: Management Information System is an integrated and holistic reporting network system in an organization that provides planning and controlling information for effective decision making.

Mobility: This ability of information to move from one point to another, from one person to another easily and timely.

Poker: A pig at the slaughter stage.

System: It is a collection of interrelated and interdependent procedures that are joined together to perform an activity or a task.

Software: The programs that control the computer operation the system program controls the hardware component of computer which application program controls task performed by computer.

Hardware: physical component that can make up or build up a computer system

…

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …

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Preliminary Pages,
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References and Appendix.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRELIMINARY PAGES

Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of Contents
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Background of Study
1.3 Statement of the Problem
1.4 Aim and Objectives of Study
1.5 Significance of Study
1.6 Scope of Study
1.7 Limitations of the study
1.8 Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Concept of Android
2.3 Features of Android
2.3.1 Application Framework
2.3.2 Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM)
2.3.3 SQlite
2.3.4 Linux Kernal
2.4 Review of Components Used
2.4.1 Microcontroller Circuit
2.4.1.1 ATMEGA 328P-PU
2.4.1.2 Crystal Oscillator
2.4.1.3 Resistor
2.4.1.4 Capacitors
2.4.2 Display Circuit
2.4.2.1 HITACHI HD44780 1602 LCD
2.4.2.2 RGB LED
2.4.3 UART to USB Circuit
2.4.4 Fingerprint Module
2.5 Web Portal
2.5.1 Types Of Web Portals
2.6 Database for Web Portals
2.6.1 Merits of Integrating Databases in Web Applications
2.7 Management Information System (MIS)
2.7.1 Farm Records and their Uses
2.7.2 Importance of Keeping Farm Records
2.8 Types of Farm Records and their Uses
2.9 Types of Maize
2.10 Economic Importance of Maize
CHAPTER THREE
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
3.1 Methodology Adopted
3.1.1 Problem Identification Using SSADM
3.2 Analysis of the Existing System
3.2.1 Dataflow of the Existing System
3.2.2 Disadvantages Of The Existing System
3.2.3 Weakness of the existing System
3.3 Analysis of the Proposed System
3.3.1 Data Flow Diagram of the Proposed System
3.3.2 Advantages of the Proposed System
3.3.3 Justification of the Proposed System
3.4 Functional Requirements
3.4.1 Use Case Diagram Of The Admin / User Privileges
3.5 Data Requirements
3.6 High Level Model of the Proposed System
CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
4.1 Objectives of the Design
4.2 Cohesion and Decomposition High level Model
4.3 Control Center / Overall Dataflow Diagram
4.3.1 Proposed System Operation Flowchart
4.4 System Specification and Design
4.4.1 Input and Output Specification
4.4.2 Database Specification and Design
4.4.3 Data Dictionary
4.5 Choice and Justification of Programming Language
4.6 Program Documentation
4.7 Implementation Techniques
4.8 Programming Module Specification
4.8.1 Installation
4.9 Computer Hardware Minimum Requirement
4.10 Software Requirement
4.11 Personnel / User Training
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendation
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “SOURCE CODE”
APPENDIX B - “OBJECT PROGRAM”

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