CHATBOTS DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT
ABSTRACT
A chatbot is an artificially intelligent software application used to conduct an online chat conversation with a user in natural language via text or speech. The aim of the study is to design and implement a chatbot application. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to develop an application software that will analyze users’ queries and understand users message and reply end-users using a responsive GUI similar to a real person talking to the user. The motivation that led to the implementation of the proposed system is that applicants are buzzing with a lot of questions and it’s undoubtedly a busy time for admissions departments responding to an influx of questions requiring fast responses. Malicious chatbots are frequently used to fill chat rooms with spam and advertisements, by mimicking human behaviour and conversations or to entice people into revealing personal information, such as bank account numbers. The methodology adopted in this study is the structured system analysis and design methodology (SSADM) which is a technical approach for analyzing and designing an application or system by applying object throughout the software development process. The programming language used is HTML, CSS, JAVASCRIPT, PHP, SQL and JQUERY. The reason why web programming languages was used is because, it is platform independent and it is a web based application. The implementation of this proposed system will be beneficial to the academic field and the society. Also, it provides a faster response time and provides round the clock (24/7) support. The expected result is an computerized chatbot application software that will handles multiple requests simultaneously without compromising on the quality of interactions, provide an answer to the query of the user efficiently and effectively and save the time of the user in finding a specific academic task.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction
A chatbot is an artificially intelligent software application used to conduct an online chat conversation with a user in natural language (human language such as English or French) via text or speech. Chatbot recognize the user input as well as by using pattern matching, access information to provide a predefined acknowledgment. It is implemented using pattern comparing, in which the order of the sentence is recognized and a saved response pattern is acclimatize to the exclusive variables of the sentence. They cannot register and respond to complex questions, and are unable to perform compound activities. (M. Dahiya, 2017). Over duration of interactions, chatbots gather enormous data that provides helpful information about common concerns students face to make significant changes to its operation. Chatbots provides solution to this problem by providing all the important information they need to get comfy on campus. It also helps students navigate through the campus by maps allowing familiarity with the environment.
As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.
1.2 Background of Study
The first chatbot was created by Joseph Weizenbaum in 1966 and named as Eliza chatbot which appeared as a psychotherapist who reacted to the client with essential inquiries. It gave a deception of comprehension with scripted reactions.In 1972 Kenneth Colby turned out with a progressed chatbot Repel than Eliza which is a chatbot that could mimic an individual with distrustful schizophrenia. Later on in 1988 an endeavor is made in making chatbots with AI (Man-made consciousness) through human cooperation and named the chatbot as Jabberwacky. Later on in 1992 Imaginative labs for MS-Dos makes a chatbot named Dr.Sbaitso which is consolidated with AI and it is intended to exhibit a digitized voice.
In 1995 utilizing regular language preparing Counterfeit Phonetic Web PC Element (A.L.I.C.E chatbot) chatbot is create where heuristic example is utilized for coordinating tenets to human contribution to request to have discussion.
In 2001 a canny bot is made which is generally disseminated crosswise over sms systems called smarterchild. Later on IBM's Watson was planned in 2006 where normal language handling and machine learning is utilized to uncover inside and out information from substantial measure of information. In 2010 an astute individual right hand chatbot named siri appeared which utilizes common language UI to respond to questions and perform different demands and is a piece of Apple's IOS
At the beginning of a new session, the university receives many applications and to convert these applications into enrolments, swift communication is crucial. Students may have questions ranging from courses, fees, scholarships, facilities, and the university environment to accommodation and transportation system. Students come to the university from regions with different time zones, cultures and environments and will need assistance to settle down in the campus. With so many applications and emails, universities can find it difficult to respond to every student. Apart from prospective students, returning students need to get certain information about recent development in the university environment.
A chatbot, also known as a dialogue system or a conversational agent, is a computer program that can imitate a conversation with a user (Lexico, 2021). In the past decade, chatbot technology has evolved tremendously, thanks to the growing popularity of artificial intelligence and machine learning. Chatbots are proving themselves as a valuable tool in many situations and are visible in almost every aspect of our daily lives.
Chatbots promise a range of potential benefits. Most notably, they provide responses and solutions that are instant, consistent, and reliable (Klopfenstein et al., 2017). These characteristics make chatbots a powerful tool in many different areas, and their use has evolved rapidly in fields such as business, e-commerce, and healthcare (Adamopoulou et al., 2020).
This proposed chatbot is developed using the Google Dialog flow framework. Dialog flow is a natural language understanding platform that makes it easy to design and integrate a conversational user interface into mobile app, web application, device, bot, and interactive voice response system. The chatbot uses a GUI (Graphic User Interface) integrated into a web app to provide answers to user’s query.
1.3 Statement of Problem
Investigation revealed that, applicants are buzzing with a lot of questions and it’s undoubtedly a busy time for admissions departments responding to an influx of questions requiring fast responses. In past years, students and parents had to visit the college to enquire about details and other information about the college that is a lengthy and time-consuming process. This is also a hectic and resource wasting process for the admissions offices. To save time, energy and resources this can now be done over the internet with chatbots.
Malicious chatbots are frequently used to fill chat rooms with spam and advertisements, by mimicking human behaviour and conversations or to entice people into revealing personal information, such as bank account numbers. They are commonly found on Yahoo! Messenger, Windows Live Messenger, AOL Instant Messenger and other instant messaging protocols. There has also been a published report of a chatbot used in a fake personal ad on a dating service’s website.
1.4 Aim and Objectives of the Study
The aim of the study is to design and implement a chatbot application. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to develop an application software that will:
- Provide an answer to the query of the user efficiently and effectively;
- Analyze users’ queries and understand users message;
- Save the time of the user in finding a specific academic task; and
- Reply end-users using a responsive GUI similar to a real person talking to the user.
1.5 Significance of Study
The implementation of this project has the potential to benefit the academic field and the society. Chatbots can make the enrolment processes easier as it provides answers to the most common questions applicants and students ask yearly.
It provides a faster response time and provides round the clock (24/7) support. A chatbot can handles multiple requests simultaneously without compromising on the quality of interactions.
Students are often concerned about making the right career decisions, many of these courses are offered in different universities. The university can leverage on chatbots to attract students interested in the courses they offer.
This study will be of immense benefit to other researchers who intend to know more on this study and can also be used by non-researchers to build more on their research work. This study contributes to knowledge and could serve as a guide for other study.
1.6 Scope of Study
The scope of the research is focused on the design and implementation of a chatbot application.
1.7 Limitations of the Study
During the course of this study, many things militated against its completion, some of which are:
- Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
- Research material: availability of research material is a major setback to the scope of the study.
- Frequent power failure: This made the researcher append more money on fuel to ensure sustainable power.
- Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet).
1.8 Definition of Terms
Chatbot: also known as a smartbots, talkbot, chatterbot, Bot, IM bot, interactive agent, Conversational interface or Artificial Conversational Entity) is a computer program or an artificial intelligence which conducts a conversation via auditory or textual methods.
Natural Language Processing: is a subfield of computer science information engineering and artificial intelligence concerned with the interations between computer and human (natural) langauges, in particular how to program computers to process and analyze large amounts of natural language data.
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Background of Study
- 1.3 Statement of Problem
- 1.4 Aim and Objectives of the Study
- 1.5 Significance of Study
- 1.6 Scope of Study
- 1.7 Limitations of the Study
- 1.8 Definition of Terms
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review of Chatbot System
- 2.3 Historical Review of Chatbots
- 2.4 Theoretical Framework of Chatbot
- 2.4.1 Classification of Chatbots
- 2.4.2 Overview of Chatbot User Registration
- 2.4.2.1 Online Chatbot User Registration
- 2.4.2.2 Usage of Online Chatbot Registration Forms
- 2.4.3 Chatbot Application Web Portal
- 2.4.3.1 Types of Web Portals
- 2.4.4 Database for Chatbot Application Web Portals
- 2.4.4.1 Merits of Integrating Databases in Web Applications
- 2.5 Empirical Review of Related Literature
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
- 3.1 Methodology Adopted
- 3.1.1 Problem Identification Using SSADM
- 3.2 Analysis of the Existing System
- 3.2.1 Dataflow of the Existing System
- 3.2.2 Disadvantages Of The Existing System
- 3.2.3 Weakness of the existing System
- 3.3 Feasibility Study
- 3.3.1 Economic Feasibility
- 3.3.2 Technical Feasibility
- 3.3.3 Operational Feasibility
- 3.4 Analysis of the Proposed System
- 3.4.1 Data Flow Diagram of the Proposed System
- 3.4.2 Advantages of the Proposed System
- 3.4.3 Justification of the Proposed System
- 3.5 Functional Requirements
- 3.5.1 Use Case Diagram Of The Admin / User Privileges
- 3.6 Data Requirements
- 3.7 High Level Model of the Proposed System
SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
- 4.1 Objectives of the Design
- 4.2 Cohesion and Decomposition High level Model
- 4.3 Control Center / Overall Dataflow Diagram
- 4.3.1 Proposed System Operation Flowchart
- 4.4 System Specification and Design
- 4.4.1 Input and Output Specification
- 4.4.2 Database Specification and Design
- 4.4.3 Data Dictionary
- 4.5 Choice and Justification of Programming Language
- 4.6 Program Documentation
- 4.7 Implementation Techniques
- 4.8 Programming Module Specification
- 4.8.1 Installation
- 4.8.2 Security Design Specification
- 4.8.3 System Architecture
- 4.9 Computer Hardware Minimum Requirement
- 4.10 Software Requirement
- 4.11 Personnel / User Training
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “SOURCE CODE”
APPENDIX B - “OBJECT PROGRAM”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Chatbots Design and Development" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
PRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Background of Study
- 1.3 Statement of Problem
- 1.4 Aim and Objectives of the Study
- 1.5 Significance of Study
- 1.6 Scope of Study
- 1.7 Limitations of the Study
- 1.8 Definition of Terms
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review of Chatbot System
- 2.3 Historical Review of Chatbots
- 2.4 Theoretical Framework of Chatbot
- 2.4.1 Classification of Chatbots
- 2.4.2 Overview of Chatbot User Registration
- 2.4.2.1 Online Chatbot User Registration
- 2.4.2.2 Usage of Online Chatbot Registration Forms
- 2.4.3 Chatbot Application Web Portal
- 2.4.3.1 Types of Web Portals
- 2.4.4 Database for Chatbot Application Web Portals
- 2.4.4.1 Merits of Integrating Databases in Web Applications
- 2.5 Empirical Review of Related Literature
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
- 3.1 Methodology Adopted
- 3.1.1 Problem Identification Using SSADM
- 3.2 Analysis of the Existing System
- 3.2.1 Dataflow of the Existing System
- 3.2.2 Disadvantages Of The Existing System
- 3.2.3 Weakness of the existing System
- 3.3 Feasibility Study
- 3.3.1 Economic Feasibility
- 3.3.2 Technical Feasibility
- 3.3.3 Operational Feasibility
- 3.4 Analysis of the Proposed System
- 3.4.1 Data Flow Diagram of the Proposed System
- 3.4.2 Advantages of the Proposed System
- 3.4.3 Justification of the Proposed System
- 3.5 Functional Requirements
- 3.5.1 Use Case Diagram Of The Admin / User Privileges
- 3.6 Data Requirements
- 3.7 High Level Model of the Proposed System
SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
- 4.1 Objectives of the Design
- 4.2 Cohesion and Decomposition High level Model
- 4.3 Control Center / Overall Dataflow Diagram
- 4.3.1 Proposed System Operation Flowchart
- 4.4 System Specification and Design
- 4.4.1 Input and Output Specification
- 4.4.2 Database Specification and Design
- 4.4.3 Data Dictionary
- 4.5 Choice and Justification of Programming Language
- 4.6 Program Documentation
- 4.7 Implementation Techniques
- 4.8 Programming Module Specification
- 4.8.1 Installation
- 4.8.2 Security Design Specification
- 4.8.3 System Architecture
- 4.9 Computer Hardware Minimum Requirement
- 4.10 Software Requirement
- 4.11 Personnel / User Training
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “SOURCE CODE”
APPENDIX B - “OBJECT PROGRAM”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Chatbots Design and Development" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
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