Project Topics | Seminar Topics | Related Topics
Characterization of Some Nigerian Coals for Power Generation

CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME NIGERIAN COALS FOR POWER GENERATION


ABSTRACT

Five coal samples from Odagbo (Kogi State), Owukpa (Benue State), Ezimo (Enugu State), Amansiodo (Enugu State) and Inyi (Enugu State) weresubjected to proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, calorific value determination, petrographic and thermogravimetric analysis to determine their suitability for power generation. Tests were carried out at the laboratories of Advanced Coal Technology, South Africa (now Bureau Veritas Testing and Inspections South Africa, BV-TISA) and the Institute of Applied Materials of the University of Pretoria. Based on analysis of results of tests carried out, Amansiodo coal is a bituminous, low sulphur and medium ash coal; while Owukpa coal is a sub-bituminous A, low sulphur, low ash coal rich in huminites. In addition, Odagbo coal is a sub-bituminous B, medium sulphur, low ash coal rich in huminites; Ezimo coal is a sub-bituminous C, low sulphur, high ash coal; while Inyi coal is a sub-bituminous C, low sulphur, high ash coal.Between Odagbo and Owukpa sub-bituminous coals, Owukpa has a lower ignition temperature (283.63oC) due to its higher volatile matter content (39.1%).

However, Ezimo sub-bituminous coal, which has a lower volatile matter (31.1%) unexpectedly has the same ignition temperature as Owukpa (283.63oC) due to its higher liptinite content (7.2%) when compared with that of Owukpa (2.9%). The five (5) coal samples analysed can be used for power generation using circulating fluidised bed combustion (CFBC) technology due to its tolerance of a widevariety of coals and particle sizes. Amansiodo coal is suitable for power generation using pulverised coal combustion technology based on comparison of its gross calorific value (27.48MJ/kg), ash content (8.6%), inherent moisture content (5.4%), sulphur content (0.92%), etc with requirements published by coal-fired power plant operators. Gross calorific values, inherent moisture and contents of Odagbo, Owukpa, Ezimo and Inyi sub-bituminous coals make them largely suitable for pulverized coal combustion when compared with the coal fuel used for the Genessee Phase 3 power station in Canada. The ease of combustion of the coal samples in decreasing order is Odagbo, Owukpa, Inyi, Ezimo and Amansiodo. The ignition temperatures of the coals increase with decreasing volatile matter content, their calorific values are strongly correlated with the fixed carbon, elemental carbon, volatile matter and hydrogen contents in decreasing order.


CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Access to energy, especially electricity, is a driving force for economic and social development (Samboet al., 2009). Energy is a key factor in industrial development and in providing vital services that improve the quality of life. Traditionally, energy has been regarded as the engine of economic progress. Limited access to energy is a serious constraint to development in the developing world, where the per capita use of energy is less than one sixth that of the industrialised world(IAEA, 2005).It is widelyaccepted that there is a strong correlation between socio-economic development and theavailability of energy.

The electricity demand in Nigeria far outstrips the current epileptic supply. Nigeria is faced with acute electricity supply problems, which is hindering its development notwithstanding the availability of vast natural resources in the country (Sambo et al., 2009). There are currently 23 grid-connected generating plants in operation in the Nigerian Electricity Supply Industry (NESI) with a total installed capacity of 10,396.0 MW and available capacity of 6,056 MW. Most generation is thermal based, with an installed capacity of 8,457.6 MW (81% of the total) and an available capacity of 4,996 MW (48% of the total). Hydropower from three major plants accounts for 1,938.4 MW of total installed capacity and an available capacity of 1,060 MW (KPMG Nigeria, 2013).


CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …


Procedure for Downloading the PDF (Docx) Material


Characterization of Some Nigerian Coals for Power Generation can be downloaded by requesting the full set of materials at the project or seminar cost. The document will be sent via Microsoft Word (MS-Word) format via WhatsApp (e-mail) following payment confirmation.


Seminar Material Cost
₦3,000
Project Material Cost
₦5,000


Request Complete Material

Complete Material Chapters of Characterization of Some Nigerian Coals for Power GenerationClick here to request the Complete Material via WhatsApp including;
  • Preliminary Pages,
  • Chapter 1-5,
  • References and Appendix.



Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization

The displayed research work titled "Characterization of Some Nigerian Coals for Power Generation" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.


Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)


Can this topic “Students’ Perception of the Role of School Counselors in the Choice of a Career” be used for Guidance and Counselling Project?

Yes it can be utilized for research — This research work is based on students’ perception of the role of school counselor in the choice of a career using Esan West local Government Area of Edo state. The study concentrated on the different roles counselor plays in secondary schools, perceptions of students at the junior and senior secondary levels on the role of counselors, importance of career counseling in schools as well as the need for counselors in secondary schools. The findings show that the perception of students of the role of school counselors is positive. This prove that the secondary school students in Esan West local Government Area of Edo State have positive perceptions of the role of school counselors in their choice of a career, which clearly …


Is the topic “Economics of Communication Transformation” recommended for Economics Project?

Yes it is highly recommended — Economics of communication transformation deals with the motivation, attitudes, gratification beliefs and goals, the interest depends on some factors which are the social environment past experiences, motivational needs, moods and attitudes. This topic provides a comprehensive review of major work on communication transformation. It looks at the Television Stations and the radio stations which brings the individual to the happenings around them. Knowledge they say is power and to be informed is to be transformed while to be uninformed is to be deformed. Communication is the bound that brings and holds societies together, without it there will be no coordination, no cooperation and indeed no social organization. …


Can the material for “The Impact of Phrases and Clauses on the Communicative Competence of Student under Gwagwalada Area Council” be used as a guide for English Education Project?

Yes it can be used — The study scrutinizes the Impact of Phrases and Clauses on the Communicative Competence of Student under Gwagwalada Area Council. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to examine the Phrases and Clauses on the Communicative Competence between some undergraduate students, determine homographic words challenges between some undergraduate students, establish the alternative used by the students in avoiding homographic words, assess undergraduate student’s Phrases and Clauses reading capability, and find out the challenges of Phrases and Clauses Communication used by student in Gwagwalada Area Council. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain information from the respondents for this project. A total of 150 (one hundred and fifty) respondents were …


Can the material for “Web Based Civil Service Performance Evaluation System” be used as a guide for Computer Science (CS) Project?

Yes it can be used — Civil Service Performance Evaluation System is an application software system that process, accept and organizes Civil Servants' data to information for managerial promotional decision making purpose. The aim of the study is to Design and Implement of Civil Service Performance Evaluation System. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to design and develop an application software that will: improve the promotion process of Civil Servants, who are normally stagnated in one grade level for many years, help curb the malpractice encountered in the preparation of staff seniority list and nominal rolls, and ensure that the service commissions will always have a stand by record of its entire staff installed in its computers for easy access and …


Can the material for “The Relevance of Bookkeeping Practices on Small and Medium Scale Enterprises” be used as a guide for Accountancy / Accounting Project?

Yes it can be used — Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) are the backbone of the Nigerian economy in terms of contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and job creations. SMEs play a major role in economic development through employment creation and income generation. The study assesses the Bookkeeping Practices and its Relevance to SMEs using Some Selected SMEs in Nigeria as a case study. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to: assess whether SMEs in the Local Government Area were practicing bookkeeping, examine methods of recordkeeping by SMEs, determine how recordkeeping enhances the development of SMEs and examine the challenges to proper record keeping. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method …


Can the material for “Perceived Effectiveness of Obesity and Weight Management Strategies Among Undergraduate Students” be used as a guide for Education Project?

Yes it can be used — The prevalence of obesity has increased in an alarming rate so much that it now occurs in children. Advancement of technology has made a lot of people’s lifestyle to be sedentary. There are a lot of programmes established to ensure people have a normal healthy body weight. This study explores the perception of undergraduates about various weight and obesity management strategies. The research was hypothesized that undergraduates significantly perceived (1) diet (2) physical activity (3) use of drugs (4) surgery as effective weight management strategies and that there is a significant difference between male and female participants in their perception of effectiveness on diet, physical activity and surgery as weight management strategies. The descriptive research was adopted for the study. The …


Can the material for “An Assessment of Total Quality Management (TQM) Impacts on Banks Performance in Nigeria” be used as a guide for Banking and Finance (BF) Project?

Yes it can be used — The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of theoretical and empirical relationship between Total Quality Management and some measure of banking performance. (Profitability, Speed Service Delivery, Customer Satisfaction, Lower Cost, Short and Long Term Objectives) of Nigeria Banks. A survey research design was adopted, while data were generated by means of structure questionnaires administered to members and staff of First Bank Plc. In Lagos Metropolis: The study generated a ninety percent (90%) response rate from eight questionnaire that were given out. Response from the survey were statistically analyzed using simple frequency percentage, correlation and regression analysis with the aid of SPSS. Result of the study indicate that the studied banks were (TQM) oriented to a very …


Is the topic “The Impact of Exchange Rate Fluctuation on the Nigeria Economic Growth (1980-2010)” recommended for Economics Project?

Yes it is highly recommended — This research work is centred on the impact of exchange rate fluctuation on the Nigeria’s economic growth with special emphasis on purchasing power of the average Nigeria and the level of international trade transaction. Without exchange rate the exchange of goods and services among trading partners will be faced with a lot of problems, which may virtually narrow it down to trade by barter. This exchange also is used to determine the level of output growth of the country. Hence, the rate at which exchange fluctuates calls for a lot of attention. However, with already existing exchange rate policies, a constant exchange rate has not been attained. The rate by which exchange rate fluctuates brings about uncertainty in the trade transaction, …


Can the material for “Public Perception of Girl Child Education Among Rural Dwellers” be used as a guide for Education Project?

Yes it can be used — This study examined public perception of girl child education among rural dwellers in Laffia North L.G.A: Implications for social work practice. Data for the study were drawn using the questionnaire and in-depth interview. Data were analysed using the chi-square. Using a sample size of 521 (made up of 509 questionnaire respondents and 12 interviewees), findings of the study revealed that male respondents have negative views about educating a girl-child than female respondents; respondents with higher level of education have positive views on educating the girl-child; those with high income have positive view on educating their female children than those with low income; and, younger respondents have positive perception of girl-child education than older respondents. Based on these findings, the study …


Is the topic “Obstacle to Effective Implementation of Policies in the Local Government System in Nigeria” recommended for Public Administration (PA) Project?

Yes it is highly recommended — Policy making and Implementation is one issue that cannot be over emphasized because of the important role it plays I the life of any organization wishing to survive and to grow in the face of changing world. Based on the need for organizations to achieve their objectives, the researcher decided to conduct research study on the obstacles to effective Implementation of policies in the local government system in Nigeria with a particular reference to Orlu LGA, Imo state. It has been observed that policy Implementation is one of the major problems confronting Nigeria since inception. Public policies therefore plays crucial role in the state and are equally instrumental to the develop or underdevelopment of any given state. Whereas, there has …



Chat with us on WhatsApp