ANALYSIS OF MICRORGANISMS FROM PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOSPHERE (PGPR) SOIL
ABSTRACT
The study analyzes of Microorganisms from Plant Growth Promoting Rhizosphere (PGPR) Soil. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to identify the Plant microorganism promoting Rhizosphere (PGPR) Soil and evaluate the mode of action of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizosphere as biofertilizers. Rhizospheric soils of crop plants have more flora and fauna due to availability of more organic compound, macronutrient and micronutrient. Rhizobacteria that exert beneficial effects on plant growth and development are referred to as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria is a group of free living soil bacteria, which have ability to promote growth and yield of crop plant by direct and indirect mechanism. PGPR is generally two type, one is colonies inside plant cells that called intracellular PGPR and other colonies out side plant in rhizosphere that called extracellular PGPR. One of the significant challenges encountered during the development of a biofertilizer and the commercialization of an effective PGPR strain is its shelf life. Biofertilizers with a short shelf life carry the risk of recycling if they are not used or sold before expiry resulting in a net monetary loss to the marketing agency. The indirect mechanism of plant growth occurs when PGPR lessen or prevent the deleterious effects of plant pathogens on plants by production of inhibitory substances or by increasing the natural resistance of the host. The search for PGPR and investigation of their mode of action are increasing at a rapid use as commercial biofertilizers. The mode of action and practical application of PGPR in crop production are the major focus of this review. This study will be of immense benefit to researchers who intend to know more on this study and can also be used by non-researchers to build more on their research work.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction
Bacteria able to colonize plant root systems and promote plant growth are referred to as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) (Kloepper and Schroth, 1978). PGPR can affect plant growth either indirectly or directly; indirect promotion of plant growth occurs when PGPR lessen or prevent the deleterious effects of one or more phytopathogenic organisms; while direct promotion of plant growth by PGPR involves either providing plants with a compound synthesized by the bacterium or facilitating the uptake of certain nutrients from the environment (Glick, 1995). Thus, in the broadest sense, PGPR include the N2-fixing rhizobacteria that colonize the rhizosphere, providing N to plants, including the rhizobia of the well-characterized legume-rhizobia symbiosis. Regardless of the mechanisms of plant growth promotion, PGPR must colonize the rhizosphere around the roots, the rhizoplane (root surface) or the root itself (within root tissues) (Glick, 1995).
As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- ⋮
CHAPTER THREE
MATERIALS AND METHODS
- 3.1 Introduction
- ⋮
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Results
- ⋮
- 4.3 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
REFERENCES
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Analysis of Microrganisms from Plant Growth Promoting Rhizosphere (PGPR) Soil" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
PRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- ⋮
CHAPTER THREE
MATERIALS AND METHODS
- 3.1 Introduction
- ⋮
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Results
- ⋮
- 4.3 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
REFERENCES
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "Analysis of Microrganisms from Plant Growth Promoting Rhizosphere (PGPR) Soil" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
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