AN EVALUATION OF EMPLOYABILITY OF GRADUATES IN NIGERIA
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background Of The Study
University education is at the centre of human resource development. The nation’s professional and highly skilled personnel such as Engineers, Administrators/Managers, Accountants, Surgeons and Para-Medics, Lawyers, Scientist, Technicians and Lecturers in various disciplines among others are trained and developed in the Universities. The world over, the fundamental mission of Universities, according to Brubacher (1982) and Oni (1999) is to promote the life of the mind through intellectual inquiry and to generate, store and transmit specialized knowledge and sophisticated expertise, higher forms of culture and ethical bases of conduct. The World Bank (1999) justify the usefulness of University education to a nation’s development and well-being when it states that particularly University education, is fundamental to the construction of a knowledge economy and the society in all nations. The importance of Nigerian tertiary education and University education in particular is aptly spelt out by the Federal Government of Nigeria in its National Policy on Education document (2004) inter alia: “To contribute to national development through high level relevant, manpower training; To develop and inculcate pooper values for the survival of the individual and society; To develop the intellectual capability of individual to understand and appreciate their level and external environment; To acquire both physical and intellectual skills, this will enable individuals to be self-reliant and useful members of the society; To promote and encourage scholarship and community service; To forge and connect national unity and to promote national and international understanding and interaction.
According to Schomburg (2007), income and employment status are equally not satisfying indicators of professional success, while the question of being employed or not is not really relevant if the employment conditions are not considered. Furthermore, he said that most graduates work during their course of study in other to contribute to the course of study or to obtain work experience and the time of graduation is not the start of employment. In recent times, however, one major interest that have attracted public debate in many advanced countries as well as International organisations has centered on the relationship between Higher education and the world of work. Various reasons for this development are worth mentioning. Enrolment in higher education had increased in various countries of the world since the 1980s and growing unemployment in the 1990s fuelled fears that the mismatch between education and employment might be more pronounced. Furthermore, greater attention was paid to an increasingly complex and often protracted process of transition from higher education to employment.
Moreover, rapid changes in technology also suggested that graduates could no longer expect to remain in a single profession or with a few employers; they have to be more flexible and better prepared for lifelong learning. According to Teichler (2007), the relationship between Higher Education and the world of work now tend to emphasize popular issues such as the contribution of educational expansion to economic growth, the dangers of over-education, the diversity of higher education and employment opportunities, the rise of precarious employment, the growing role of ‘key qualifications’ and trends towards a globalization of the graduate labour markets.
1.2 Statement Of The Problem
From a global perspective, economic and social developments are increasingly driven by the advancement and application of knowledge. Education in general and higher education in particular, are fundamental to the construction of a knowledge economy and society in all nations (World Bank, 1999). Yet the potential of higher education systems in developing countries to fulfil this responsibility is frequently thwarted by long-standing problems of finance, efficiency, equity, quality and unemployment. In Nigeria, though accurate data on unemployment is hard to come by, there is no mistaking the fact the country is today faced with very high unemployment rate. The everyday sight of the growing army of unemployed youths roaming the streets with despair written all over their faces attests to the gravity of the job market situation in Nigeria. Graduate unemployment, not to talk of secondary school leavers has reached a frightening level.
Year in year out, the tertiary institutions turn out tens of thousands of degree and diploma holders but only a tiny fraction find jobs, any job for that matter. Two principal factors, among others may be responsible for the growing unemployment problem in the country. One, the economy is not growing fast enough to absorb the high number of people, especially graduates coming into the job market.
1.3 Research Question
- What is the employability rate of graduates in Nigeria?
- Is education the only factor to influence employability of graduates in Nigeria?
- What other factors that can improve the employability of graduates in Nigeria?
1.4 Aims And Objective Of Study
The aim of this studies is to critically study the evaluation of employability of graduates in Nigeria. The objectives are:
- To Study the employability level of graduates in Nigeria.
- To evaluate whether education is the only factor to influence employability of graduates in Nigeria.
- To Study if there are other factors that can improve the employability of graduates in Nigeria.
1.6 Scope Of The Study
The idea of the research work is to examine the employability of graduates in Nigeria. This project covers a range of subject peculiar to the evaluation of employability of Nigerian graduates. It covers the historical evolution of employment and employment processes and strategies. It also covers the procedural problems in the recruitment of job seekers and also how they can improve their employability. A range of employed and unemployed youths will be consulted to fill the questionnaire as well as some organizations in Nigeria. These are the aspects to be covered in this project.
1.7 Significance Of The Study
This work shall be of great benefit to the unemployed youths in the nation as well as Universities, parents and organizations at large. It shall also enlighten the youths on how they can personally make themselves employable in a competitive nation like Nigeria.
Majority of the employers attributed the graduates’ unemployability to their inadequate exposure to job-training schemes prior to graduation and to poor academic orientation impacted on the graduates. It shall enlighten Nigerian higher institutions to intensify exposing Nigerian undergraduates to job- training schemes, practical trainings and entrepreneurship education. Other researchers will find the work useful as it is a base for future research work. Finally it will also contribute positively to the field of knowledge, especially the field which this research is directed.
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
Procedure for Downloading the PDF (Docx) Material
An Evaluation of Employability of Graduates in Nigeria can be downloaded by requesting the full set of materials at the project or seminar cost. The document will be sent via Microsoft Word (MS-Word) format via WhatsApp (e-mail) following payment confirmation.
| Seminar Material Cost ₦3,000 | Project Material Cost ₦5,000 |
Request Complete Material
 | Click here to request the Complete Material via WhatsApp including;
|
TABLE OF CONTENTSPRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.0 Introduction
- 1.1 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Theoretical Framework
- ⋮
- 2.4 Empirical Studies
- 2.5 Research Gaps
- 2.6 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of Study
- 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
- 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
- 3.9 Ethical Consideration
- 3.10 Statistical Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of Findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "An Evaluation of Employability of Graduates in Nigeria" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
PRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.0 Introduction
- 1.1 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Theoretical Framework
- ⋮
- 2.4 Empirical Studies
- 2.5 Research Gaps
- 2.6 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of Study
- 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
- 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
- 3.9 Ethical Consideration
- 3.10 Statistical Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of Findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "An Evaluation of Employability of Graduates in Nigeria" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can this topic “Impact of Tax Audit on Tax Evasion and Avoidance in Ekiti State” be used for Taxation Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — Tax audit is an examination of an individual or organization’s tax report by the relevant tax authorities in order to ascertain compliance with applicable tax laws and regulations of state. The study was carried out to examine the Impact of Tax Audit on Tax Evasion and Avoidance in Ekiti State using Ekiti State Internal Revenue Service as a case study. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to investigate if there is any significant relationship between tax evasion, avoidance and audit and ascertain the extent to which tax payers may have complied with the relevant statutory provisions of the tax law. Investigation revealed that taxpayers suffer as corruption in revenue administration leads to harassment, inflated assessment, …
Can the material for “Design and Implementation of a Football Stadium Ticket Acquisition and Reservation System” be used as a guide for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be used — Football Stadium is a centerpiece for the hosting of major events especially sport events such as football. It is one thing to have a stadium, and it’s another thing to manage it. Ticket acquisition is a vital aspect of stadium management. The aim of the Study is to develop a football stadium ticket acquisition system that will help in the recording and managing of financial income and booking of seats in the stadium for each registered game or event. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to develop an automated system for ticket acquisition for Akwa Ibom International football stadium, facilitate easy booking and management of ticket based on available seats and develop a system that …
Can this topic “The Study of the Impact of Point of Sale on Nigeria Financial Sector” be used for Banking and Finance (BF) Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — Point of sale (POS) refers to the place where a customer executes the payment for goods or services and where sales taxes may become payable. It can be in a physical store, where POS terminals and systems are used to process card payments or a virtual sales point such as a computer or mobile electronic device. The study examined whether the adoption of POS has significantly reduced the stress of accessing traditional banking sector in Nigeria with particular reference to Kontagora Local Government of Niger State and as well assesses the ability of POS machine to perform a given job. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to assess the effectiveness of the implementation of POS …
Can the material for “Design and Implementation of an Online Driving School Management System” be used as a guide for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be used — An Online Driving School Management System is developed mainly for driving school to manage the operation more efficient, easily to find data, record keeping more efficient and retrieve data faster. The study was carried out to design and implement an Online Driving School Management System. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to develop an application software that will set up and configure a web-based system that is more practical related to driving and display related information and store driving school students’ information. The motivation that led to the implementation of the proposed system is as a result of the difficulty associated in communicating with Numbers of Students at One Time, managing Daily Data …
Is the topic “Cyber Threat to Computer Related Agency and Productivity” recommended for Computer Science Education Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — Cyber threat through ethical hacking plays an important role in the ongoing development of telecommunication industry, as well as Internet services, the aim of the study is to examine the Cyber Threat to Computer Related Agency and Productivity using Nigeria Computer Society as a case study. In achieving this aim, the following objectives were set out to examine the issues of cyber threat in Nigeria computer Society, examine the solutions to the issues of Cyber Threat in Nigeria telecommunication industry, and determine the level of effectiveness of Cyber Threat in Nigeria computer Society. The issue of cyber threat is one that has been discussed by many people with various perspectives on the issue, most coming at it from different sides …
Can this topic “The Application of Grand Strategy as a Strategic Tool for Organisational Positioning” be used for Business Administration and Management (BAM) Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — This study was carried out on the application of grand strategy as a tool for organizational positioning basically different literatures related to this topic were reviewed, the research was carried out using three (3) commercial banks and a total number of 180 questionnaires where given to respondents to give their personal information and provide answers to (20) questions in the questionnaire. Based on the findings conclusion was drawn that grand strategy can be used as a tool for organizational positioning. …
Can the material for “A Study of Fiscal and Monetary Policies Used to Enhance Savings Mobilization for Investment Purpose” be used as a guide for Economics Project?
Yes it can be used — 1.1 Historical Background An economy whether developing or developed is out to achieve certain objectives which include growth in the gross domestic product, reduction in the relit of inflation and unemployment, favorable balance of payment, and long term Socio-economic development. The growth of output of any economy depends on Capital accumulation; and capital accumulation requires investment and an equivalent amount of saving to match it. Two of the most important issues in development economics, and tor developing countries, are how to stimulate investment, and how to bring about an increase in the level of saving 10 fund increased investment. To this end. many less developed countries’ government have made it a point of duties to ensure proper mobilization of domestic funds by …
Can this topic “Merger and Acquisition in the Banking Industry in Nigeria” be used for Banking and Finance (BF) Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — The study is to highlight the importance of mergers and acquisition in the survival and growth of Nigeria companies. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to state the benefits of mergers and acquisition in Nigerian economic development and explore into reasons why Nigerian indigenous companies are not involved in mergers and acquisition and other related business combinations. The motivation of embarking on this research work is as a result of the inability of the concerned companies to engage qualified and experience consultants to manage the business. Most of the companies who want to engage in mergers and acquisition are face with these problems because. There are not trained or qualified and experienced consultants that will …
Can the material for “Effectiveness and Regularity of ict-Use Among Business Education Students” be used as a guide for Education Project?
Yes it can be used — Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have, over the years, proven to be of great value to the educational sector. Such technologies include the computer, internet, projectors and so on. This study investigates the effectiveness and regularity of ICT use among business education undergraduates. This study was delimited to University of Lagos (UNILAG) and Lagos State University (LASU). The sample population were 200 undergraduates of business education derived from the two universities mentioned above. The Chi-square statistical tool was employed in data analysis. The following recommendations were made: The administration of University of Lagos(UNILAG) AND Lagos State University(LASU) see to it that more ICT tools are provided for the school to accommodate the ever-growing population no students. Since Business education students in the …
Can the material for “The Policy of Privatization and Commercialization of Public Enterprises in Nigeria” be used as a guide for Political Science Project?
Yes it can be used — It is because of social issues like economic inequalities, unemployment that made the state to interfere in economy of Nigeria. Government chose public sector as a means or medium for economic and social development due to poor managerial skill, weak technological base etc, this enhanced the zeal to establish various enterprise institutions in Nigeria. Then, due to inadequate capital and lack of finance, public enterprises in Nigeria are confronted with many problems by the employees, managers and political interference in affairs of public enterprises. The project title is the policy of privatization and commercialization of public enterprises in Nigeria: An appraisal of telecommunication. The problems are; is political interference and mismanagement of resources responsible for the poor performance of public …