AN ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAMMES IN NIGERIA AS A DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
ABSTRACT
This study assessed the impact of poverty reduction programmes as a development strategy in Nigeria. The study first of all examined issues of poverty and underdevelopment in Nigeria, attributing it to lack of employment, high rate of illiteracy among the citizenry, poor infrastructure, inadequate access to micro credit facilities, mismanagement of public funds, bad governance, instability of the governments and its policies. The study also examined the efforts made by different governments in poverty alleviation within this period. A total number of 120 respondents were selected and administered with questionnaires, and their responses collated and analyzed. The chi-square statistical technique and percentages were used in analyzing the collated data, and testing of the research hypothesis. Results revealed that poverty alleviation initiatives of the Federal Government of Nigeria, since the 1970s till date have not significantly impacted positively on the lives of Nigerians, especially the poor; and has not led to the overall reduction of poverty in Nigeria. The findings of the research also seem to strongly suggest that Nigerians at the rural areas are more likely to associate with poverty alleviation programmes in which they participated in contributing ideas into the initial policy design stages of such programmes, which they will later consent to at the rural level. The study concluded by suggesting that for any meaningful development alleviation programmes must be properly packaged, such that government would go into partnership with the rural people, in order to make implementation easier and successful; thus engendering economic self sustenance, economic growth and development.
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
1.1 Background Of The Study
In the case of Nigeria, the inability of successive governments to streamlined and harness the enormous potentials for improved service delivery in all the existing structures of poverty eradication has resulted into persistent poverty. The paper seeks to explore the extent to which public policies have affected the poverty alleviation programmes in Nigeria with special emphasis on National Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP). Poverty is a global phenomenon threatening the survival of humanity. With over one billion of the more than 6 billion world’s population in a state of abject poverty, it is now generally accepted that the dangers posed by poverty must be addressed. It is also the condition that exists when people lack the means to satisfy their basic needs such as nutrition, housing, clothing and other essentials of life. As observed by the World Bank (1988) over a decade ago, poverty in developing countries is on the rise. The increasing and high level of poverty in developing countries (including Nigeria) has serious implications for the world economy. Hence, reducing poverty in developing countries has become the most persistent challenge facing the world today. Government, civil society, non-Governmental Organization (NGOs), and the international institution such as the World Bank are now in the forefront of the battle to reduce poverty in developing countries including Nigeria. In order to eradicate poverty in Nigeria, many programmes and projects have been designed to tackle poverty problems. These includes
- Rural Basin Development Authorities (RBDA)
- Agricultural Development Programme (ADP)
- Rural Electrification Scheme (RES)
- National Directorate of Employment (NDE)
- Directorate of Food, Roads, and Rural Infrastructure (DFFRI)
- Better life / Family Support Programme (FSP)
- Rural Banking Scheme (RBS)
- Agricultural Credit Guarantee Scheme (ACGS)
- Poverty Alleviation Programme
- National Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP)
Authors are divided as to the meaning of poverty and as those areas that should be classified as poverty stricken. This is because, those that are classified as being poor in one area or country may be equivalent with those classified as averagely better-off in another place. However, poverty generally means a state of being poor, that is, when necessary needs are not met. According to Pudley Jackson (1972), the problem in defining poverty is largely a cultural problem in determining what is, or what should count as, inadequate social functioning that are important or considered to be so, are being gainfully employed, maintaining a households and engaged in satisfying personal and social relationships. When these aspects of life are in jeopardy, a person or family may be considered to be in poverty, this however, poverty could be said to involve things more than economic i.e. it should also be viewed in terms of cultural, social, educational, religious perspectives. This is because, illiteracy breeds ignorance and any society characterized by ignorance will be unaware of their basic needs and improvement or development will be an elusive venture. A distinction should be made between a set of measurable objective conditions of material deprivation and set of subjective attitudes and beliefs related to material deprivation, in order to understand the wage of the term poverty.
1.2 Statement Of The Problem
The widespread nature of poverty worldwide has been generating great concern for policy makers and development analysts since the last few decades. In Nigeria, the trend of poverty incidence increased in a very high rate. In Nigeria 54 percent of people lived relatively below poverty line of 2/3 of per capita households’ expenditure, while 22% lived below the extreme relative poverty line of 1/3 of per capita household expenditure in the year 2004 NBS (National Bureau of Statistics). Some of the factors responsible for this lie in the nature of socio-political and economic structures, which alienate and exclude the poor from decisions affecting their welfare. Programmes are set up from the top with huge overheads, which favour contractors, consultants and the cronies of those in power.
1.3 Objectives Of The Study
- To investigate the issues and causes of poverty in Nigeria.
- To examine the poverty reduction strategies and its effectiveness in Nigerian.
- To investigate the impact of various poverty alleviation programmes of government on the lives of rural dwellers
- To examine the linkage between poverty alleviation programme, living conditions of the people and economic development
1.4 Research Questions
Therefore the questions, which this study will try to address, are:
- What are the key issues and causes of poverty in Nigeria?
- What are the poverty reduction strategies and their effectiveness in Nigerian?
- Are there positive impacts of various poverty alleviation programmes of government on the lives of Nigerian?
- What are the linkage between poverty alleviation programme, living conditions of the people and economic development in Nigeria?
1.5 Hypothesis Of The Study
- Ho: Unemployment and corruption are not the major cause of poverty in Nigeria
Hi: Unemployment and corruption are the major cause of poverty in Nigeria - Ho: Poverty can not be reduced in Nigeria
Hi: Poverty can be reduced in Nigeria
1.6 Significance Of The Study
Some of the significance of the study is that the study is generated by the statement of the study which can enrich the understanding of the causes of poverty in Nigeria.
The results of the study show that there have been not significant reductions in the level of poverty in Nigeria.
In addition, this study found a negative correlation between levels of poverty and economic growth thereby making it difficult for Nigeria to develop fast.
1.7 Limitation Of The Study
This research work is limit due to some factors:
Time factor:
The time giving is too small for me to carry out the project work easily, although the research work was still carried out accurately.
Finance:
This also restraints the researcher in carrying out this research work as being expected.
1.8 Scope Of The Study
This project work is designed to cover every aspect that has to do with the causes of poverty in Nigeria within the context of Edo state. The scope of the study is therefore limited to Edo state in which data regarding the causes of poverty were gathered.
1.9 Definition Of Terms
Absolute Poverty:
This refers to insufficient or total lack of necessities and facilities like food, housing, medical care, education, social and environmental services, consumer goods, recreational opportunities, neighbourhood amenities and transport facilities, etc.
HDI:
This refers to Human development Index which is a measure of longevity, knowledge and income. Longevity is measured solely by life expectancy at birth, while knowledge is measured by adult literacy rate.
Indicators of Poverty:
Generally refer to measures of economic performance as well as the standard of living of the population. This normally combines the measures of income or purchasing power or consumption with those social indicators, which highlight availability and access to the basic necessities of life.
Poverty:
As will defined elsewhere, is a state where an individual is not able to cater adequately for his or her basic needs of food, clothing and shelter; is unable to meet social and economic obligations, lacks gainful employment, skills for self reliance, assets and self esteem; and has limited access to social and economic infrastructure.
Poverty Reduction:
Means all formal activities geared towards lowering the rate and prevalence of poverty in the country.
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
Procedure for Downloading the PDF (Docx) Material
An Assessment of the Impact of Poverty Reduction Programmes in Nigeria as a Development Strategy can be downloaded by requesting the full set of materials at the project or seminar cost. The document will be sent via Microsoft Word (MS-Word) format via WhatsApp (e-mail) following payment confirmation.
| Seminar Material Cost ₦3,000 | Project Material Cost ₦5,000 |
Request Complete Material
 | Click here to request the Complete Material via WhatsApp including;
|
TABLE OF CONTENTSPRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
- 1.0 Introduction 1
- 1.1 Background of the Study 1
- 1.2 Statement of the Problem 3
- 1.3 Objective of Study 4
- 1.4 Research Question 4
- 1.5 Significant of the Study 4
- 1.6 Limitation of the study 5
- 1.7 Scope of the Study 5
- 1.8 Definition of Terms 5
- Literature Review
- 2.1 Introduction 7
- 2.2 Meaning of poverty 7
- 2.3 Poverty incidences 10
- 2.4 Indicators of poverty 11
- 2.5 Some poverty reduction programmes in Nigeria 12
- 2.6 The causes of poverty in Nigeria 16
- 2.7 Government poverty reduction strategies in Nigeria 19
- 3.1 Research Design and Methodology 20
- 3.2 Population of the Study 20
- 3.3 Sample Size 20
- 3.4 Sample of the Study 21
- 3.5 Sampling Techniques 21
- 3.6 Methods of data Collection 22
- 3.7 Validation and Retrieval of the Instrument 22
- 3.8 Method of data Analysis 22
- 4.1 Data analysis and Presentation 23
- 4.2 Research question 23
- 5.1 Summary of Finding 26
- 5.2 Conclusion 28
- 5.3 Recommendation 29
- Reference 30
- APPENDIX 31
- Questionnaire 32
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "An Assessment of the Impact of Poverty Reduction Programmes in Nigeria as a Development Strategy" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
PRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
- 1.0 Introduction 1
- 1.1 Background of the Study 1
- 1.2 Statement of the Problem 3
- 1.3 Objective of Study 4
- 1.4 Research Question 4
- 1.5 Significant of the Study 4
- 1.6 Limitation of the study 5
- 1.7 Scope of the Study 5
- 1.8 Definition of Terms 5
- Literature Review
- 2.1 Introduction 7
- 2.2 Meaning of poverty 7
- 2.3 Poverty incidences 10
- 2.4 Indicators of poverty 11
- 2.5 Some poverty reduction programmes in Nigeria 12
- 2.6 The causes of poverty in Nigeria 16
- 2.7 Government poverty reduction strategies in Nigeria 19
- 3.1 Research Design and Methodology 20
- 3.2 Population of the Study 20
- 3.3 Sample Size 20
- 3.4 Sample of the Study 21
- 3.5 Sampling Techniques 21
- 3.6 Methods of data Collection 22
- 3.7 Validation and Retrieval of the Instrument 22
- 3.8 Method of data Analysis 22
- 4.1 Data analysis and Presentation 23
- 4.2 Research question 23
- 5.1 Summary of Finding 26
- 5.2 Conclusion 28
- 5.3 Recommendation 29
- Reference 30
- APPENDIX 31
- Questionnaire 32
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "An Assessment of the Impact of Poverty Reduction Programmes in Nigeria as a Development Strategy" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Is the topic “Teacher’s View on Factors Influencing Computer Based Instruction in Teaching of Secondary School Agricultural Science” recommended for Education Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — Information and communication technology (ICT) creates a powerful learning environment and it transforms the learning and teaching process in which students deal with knowledge in an active, self directed and constructive way. The aim of the study is to examine the Teacher's View on Factors Influencing Computer Based Instruction in Teaching of Secondary School Agricultural Science in Dom-Domingos College, Warri-South District. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were set out to establish the influence of adequacy of computers in the use of computer-based instruction in teaching secondary school agriculture in Dom-Domingos College, determine the preparedness of agriculture teachers to use computer based-instruction in teaching of agriculture in Dom-Domingos College, determine the influence of practical teaching approach on the …
Can the material for “Design and Implementation of an Online Supermarket Shopping System” be used as a guide for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be used — A Supermarket Shopping system is a software-based business solution used to simultaneously track sales activity and inventory. Computerized Supermarket Shopping systems save time for businesses by speeding up transactions while raising accuracy. The aim of the study is to design and implement an online application that will manage the Supermarket Shopping on goods and services. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to develop a website to aid easy ordering of products offered for sale and update stock level as they are being sold to enable the fast food restaurant to know when stock level is low. The motivation that led to the implementation of the proposed system is that, items are unknowingly out of stock, …
Can the material for “The Impact of Financial Management Strategies in the Management of Public Enterprises” be used as a guide for Banking and Finance (BF) Project?
Yes it can be used — Financial management is the creation of wealth, planning and monitoring of a business’ financial assets, improving its profitability and generating the required return to capital providers. The study was carried to examine the Impact of Financial Management Strategies and Debt Control in Public Enterprises. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to examine the budgets been one of the managerial tools used in the financial management of public enterprises and find out whether the accounting system and financial control operates efficiently. Investigation revealed that the issue of external debt burden in Nigeria has become an immense status bestriding the main stream of international economy, and politics. Foreign aids are no longer used as instrument of assistance …
Can the material for “The Role of Human Record Management on Public Service Efficiency” be used as a guide for Public Administration (PA) Project?
Yes it can be used — This study was designed to explore the significant relationship between, effective record keeping and public service efficiency, a study of Lagos State Ministry of Environment. The sample for the study comprised of 86 civil servants. The main tool used for the study was a questionnaire designed to collect relevant data about the subject matter. The data collected were subjected to frequency distribution, percentages, mean and Non-parametric chi-square test. After testing the various hypotheses, it was concluded that effective record keeping is a panacea to public service efficiency. It is recommended that Lagos State Ministry of Environment should incorporate the principle of record all information and making sure that such information are available to the public when needed. …
Is the topic “Impact of Human Resources Management (HRM) Practices on Organizational Performance” recommended for Human Resource Management (HRM) Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — Human Resource Management is the strategic, integrated and coherent approach to the employment, development and well-being of the people working in organizations. The study examines the Impact of Human Resources Management (HRM) Practices on Organizational Performance. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to determine how Recruitment and selection practices affect employee effectiveness in Eco bank (Nigeria) Plc, assess the effect of performance appraisal on employee performance in Eco bank (Nigeria) plc, evaluate the influence of compensation plan on Employee Motivation in Eco bank Nigeria Plc, and Investigate how training and development programs affect organizational commitment in Eco bank (Nigeria) plc. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain …
Can the material for “Peer Group Influence on the Adolescents and Their Performance in Schools” be used as a guide for Education Project?
Yes it can be used — Adolescence is a developmental period in which an individual changes from childhood into adulthood. The study was carried out to examine the Peer Group Influence on the Adolescents and their Performance in Schools. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to determine the relationship between peer group and academic performance of adolescents and find out the effect of peer group among adolescents' academic performance in the area under study. Investigation revealed that the low academic performance in schools is brought the need to investigate the factors influencing learning. The peer group influence is one of the factors causing low academic performance. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain …
Can the material for “A Study of the Challenges in the Training and Education of Library and Information Science Students in Nigeria” be used as a guide for Education Project?
Yes it can be used — The study of the challenges in the training and education of library and information science students is psychological. It is against this that the researcher sees the subject matter worthy of investigation to examine how the challenges pose a threat on the effective training of students of library and information science. …
Can this topic “Consolidation an Acquisition: A Financial Option to the Productivity of Bank in Nigeria Economy” be used for Accountancy / Accounting Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — The study was carried out to show consolidation and acquisition as a financial option to the productivity in Nigeria banks. Through financial intermediation, banks can facilitate capital formation and promote economic growth by operating in a save and sound manner. This means that bans are expected to ensure precedent management of assets and guarantee the safely of customer deposits/funds. For the conduction of this research, the researcher reviewed other related literatures necessary to prove data for the study from the related literature it was observed that consolidation and acquisition are used to maintain adequate and appropriate internal controls measure to prevent incidence of fraud, forgeries and other financial / malpractice to ensure stability and engender public confidence in the financial system. The …
Is the topic “Effect of Tax Policy and Administration on Revenue Development” recommended for Taxation Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — Tax policy and administration is the framework upon which Nigeria tax system is based. It deals with the powers and duties of relevant tax authorities as contained in the tax laws, it involves the procedures, principles and strategies adopted by any government in order to achieve effective tax planning, compulsory levying of tax, easy collection and proper accounting and utilization of the revenue collected. The study investigates the Effect of Tax Policy and Administration on Revenue Development. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to examine if the use of mechanical and outdated system in recording and keeping accounts affect tax administration on revenue generation, ascertain whether lack of adequate staff in the SBIR affect tax …
Can the material for “Privatization and Commercialization of Government Parastatals in Nigeria” be used as a guide for Public Administration (PA) Project?
Yes it can be used — This premise of this research is based on Privatization and Commercialization of Government Parastatals in Nigeria with reference to Power Holding Company, Nigeria (PHCN) The research adopted a survey research design. A well structured questionnaire was designed and administered to respondents. A sample size of one hundred (100) was drawn from the population of study. The sampling was made based on a simple random sampling technique. The data gathered were presented in tables and analysed with simple percentages. The hypothesis formulated was analysed with the use of Chi-Square technique. It was concluded that − That, privation and commercialization would affect the performance of the power sector; that privatization and commercialization would improve economic performance of parastatals; Privatization and commercialization would solve management …