A CLUSTERING BASED WEB PREFETCHING IN HIGH TRAFFIC ENVIRONMENT
ABSTRACT
The continued increase in demand for objects on the Internet causes high web traffic and consequently low user response time which is one of the major bottleneck in the network world. Increase in bandwidth is a possible solution to the problem but it involves increasing economic cost. An alternative solution is web prefetching. Web prefetching is the process of predicting and fetching web pages in advance by proxy server before a request is sent by a user. Prefetching is performed during the server idle time. Most literature based on the classical prefetch algorithm assumes that the server idle time is large enough to prefetch all user’s predicted requests which is not true in a real life situation. This research aims at improving the web prefetching technique by developing a prefetching technique that can be effective in a high traffic environment when the server idle time is very low.Log files were collected and preprocessed for several client group within a domain.
The preprocessed log files were used to create web navigation graph, which shows the transition from one web page to another web page.Support and confidence threshold were used to remove web pages with values less than the threshold values. Several clusters were formed in a particular client group. When the prefetch time is predicted to be too small to prefetch, the entire clusters formed from various domains will be used to create a prioritized cluster based on several user request. The model was evaluated based on hit rate, byte rate, precision, accuracy of prediction and usefulness of prediction. The result shows that the proposed Web Clustering algorithm performs better than the classical prefetch technique when the server idle time is small and behaves same as the classical algorithm as the server time becomes large enough to prefetch all users predictions.
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
1.1 Background of Study
The web is a collection of text documents and other resources, linked by hyperlinks and Uniform Resource Locator (URLs), usually accessed by web browsers, from web servers. The web started from a simple information sharing system, and has now grown to a rich collection of dynamic and interactive services. The tremendous growth of web has resulted into high demand for high bandwidth and delay in fetching user request (Neha, 2013). Users sometimes experience unpredictable delay while retrieving web pages from the server. Increase in bandwidth is a possible solution to the problem but it involves high economic cost. Web caching reduces the latency perceived by the user, reduces bandwidth utilization and reduces the loads on the origin servers (Pallis, 2007). Latency refers to the time elapsed from the time a request is sent to the time sender receives the requested information.
Many latency tolerant techniques have been developed over the years to solve this problem without necessarily increasing the bandwidth. Most notably are caching and prefetching. Web prefetching helps to fetch and cache users request during server idle time, which will reduce the load on the origin server. To reduce the access delay experienced by users, it is advisable to predict and prefetch web object based on user access patterns and cache them. Studies on web pre-fetching are mostly based on the history of user access patterns. If the history information shows an access pattern of URL address A followed B with a high probability, then B will be prefetched once A is accessed (Cheng-Zhong, 2000). Web prefetching is the process of obtaining web pages in advance by proxy server before a request is sent by a user. When a client makes a request for web object, rather than sending request to the web server, it may be fetched from the cache. The main factor for selecting a web pre-fetching algorithm is its ability to predict the web object to be prefetched in order to reduce latency. Web prefetching exploits the spatial locality of web pages, i.e. pages that are linked with current page will be accessed with higher probability than other pages. Web prefetching can be applied in a web environment as between clients and web server, between proxy servers and web server and between clients and proxy server (Greeshma, 2012).
Web prefetching techniques are categorized into probability based and clustering based using weight-functions. In the probability based pre-fetching, probabilities are calculated using the history of data access. This method assumes that the request sequence follows a pattern and calculates the probabilities of following this pattern. Clustering based pre-fetching methods make decisions using the information of the web pages that have been fetched previously, assumes that pages that are close to the previously fetched pages are more likely to be requested in the near future (Greeshma, 2012). Moreover, web prefetching is a research topic that has gained increasing attention in recent years. The web pre-fetching fetches some web objects before users actually request it. Thus, the cache pre-fetching helps on reducing the user perceived latency. Many studies have shown that the combination of caching and pre-fetching doubles the performance compared to single caching (Waleed, 2012).
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
The review of relevant literature is the main topic of this chapter. A literature review covers theoretical and methodological contributions to a certain issue in addition to the state of knowledge at the time of writing. It provides information about the state of the art in relation to the subject you are writing about. It examines the body of work on the chosen subject. The literature evaluation in this study comprises the …
Procedure for Downloading the PDF (Docx) Material
A Clustering Based Web Prefetching in High Traffic Environment can be downloaded by requesting the full set of materials at the project or seminar cost. The document will be sent via Microsoft Word (MS-Word) format via WhatsApp (e-mail) following payment confirmation.
| Seminar Material Cost ₦3,000 | Project Material Cost ₦5,000 |
Request Complete Material
 | Click here to request the Complete Material via WhatsApp including;
|
TABLE OF CONTENTSPRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Theoretical Framework
- ⋮
- 2.4 Empirical Studies
- 2.5 Research Gaps
- 2.6 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of Study
- 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
- 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
- 3.9 Ethical Consideration
- 3.10 Statistical Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of Findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "A Clustering Based Web Prefetching in High Traffic Environment" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
PRELIMINARY PAGES
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Contents
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 Background …
- ⋮
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Theoretical Framework
- ⋮
- 2.4 Empirical Studies
- 2.5 Research Gaps
- 2.6 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of Study
- 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
- 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
- 3.9 Ethical Consideration
- 3.10 Statistical Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of Findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”
Disclaimer for Complete Material Utilization
The displayed research work titled "A Clustering Based Web Prefetching in High Traffic Environment" is stated as a research guideline towards accomplishing your assigned project / seminar research work. All the research materials on this website are ONLY for research purposes and should be used as a guideline in developing your research work. For no reason should you copy word for word as projectlist.com.ng will not be liable for any who copied the material. By ordering the complete research guideline, it signifies that you've accepted our terms of service.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can the material for “The Role of Foreign Electoral Observers on Election Credibility in Nigeria” be used as a guide for Political Science Project?
Yes it can be used — Foreign Electoral Observers is the observation of the conduct of an election process on the basis of national legislation and international election standards. The study was carried out to examine the role of foreign electoral observers on electoral credibility in Nigeria using 2015 general elections as a case study. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to determine the significant relationship between foreign electoral observers and electoral credibility and examine how objective foreign electoral observers are in monitoring elections in Nigeria. Investigation revealed that Elections in Nigeria have been characterized by so many irregularities. Irregularities resulting from the body saddled with the responsibility of conducting elections (INEC). Most especially the 2015 election were we have cases …
Can the material for “Design and Construction of an Automatic Hand Dryer with Temperature Display” be used as a guide for Computer Engineering Project?
Yes it can be used — This research work deals on the design and construction of automatic hand dryer with temperature display facility which is capable of drying a wet hand placed under its vent goes of automatically. It corporate a temperature sensing and displays unit which displays the temperature of the blown out air. This system is designed in top-down methodology using passive and active components sensors (LM35 & LDR) at the input to sense temperature and hands respectively. The control unit is made up of signal conditioning unit, voltage comparator and frequency generator, and decimal counting unit. The output interface comprises transistor, driver, actuator, Electromagnetic relay and a –digit seven segment Display. The sensor are installed at the front of the blower and this …
Can the material for “Design and Implementation of a Computerized Company Premises Directory System” be used as a guide for Computer Science (CS) Project?
Yes it can be used — The software package used in this protect is quick Basic which centered on soloing the problem of relational business activities arising from modern transactions For the fact that individual, private and public organization have problem of visiting their clients or customer in different locals for a particular purpose, this then given the need of using complementary cards which may be thousands in numbers so, because of these cards in large number, it development a problem of sorting different organization in a particular location. This project will solve the above mentioned problem by a way of listing the relational information business organization in a particular location at Enugu city to solve his directory problem with ease of getting the location of organization and …
Can the material for “The Relationship Between Certain Institutional Factors and Students Withdrawal Rates in Schools” be used as a guide for Educational Management Project?
Yes it can be used — The study was carried out to examine the Relationship Between Certain Institutional Factors and Students Withdrawal Rates in Schools using Lagos State as a case study. Investigation showed that the history of failing grades is the reason behind Students' propensity to withdraw from school. Students with poor academic records are more likely to drop out than those with good records. Despite these significant investments, it appears that the public and even educational authorities have been concerned in recent years due to the increased number of students withdrawing from school. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain information from the respondents for this project. A total of 220 (two hundred and twenty) respondents were …
Can the material for “Assessment of Student's Coding Skills for Self-employment in Computer Science Education” be used as a guide for Computer Education Project?
Yes it can be used — The study was carried out to assess the Student's Coding Skills for Self-employment in Computer Science Education. The population of the study comprises a sample of a total of 100 computer science education students in both Federal and State universities in Anambra State. Three research questions guided the study. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire which was made up of a five (5) point rating scale was used in the data analysis. A mean of 3.0 and above was adopted as a cut of mark for the acceptance of items. The data collected was analyzed using mean and standard deviation. The result of the analysis shows that the students in computer science education lack the necessary programming …
Is the topic “The Characteristics of Sandwich Students; Implications for Academic Performance and Counselling” recommended for Guidance and Counselling Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — The study attempted to examine the effect of employment on academic performance amongst Sandwich students at the University of Lagos. Some relevant literature reviews were carried out under important sub-headings. The descriptive research survey was employed in this study to assess the opinions of the selected respondents using the questionnaire and the sampling technique. A total of 200 (two hundred) respondents were selected and used in this study to represent the entire population of the study. A total of 4(four) null hypotheses were formulated and tested in this study using the independent t-test statistical tool at 0.05 level of significance. At the end of the data analyses, the following results were obtained: Hypothesis one revealed that there is a significant effect …
Can the material for “Computerized Marketing Information Management System” be used as a guide for Software Engineering Project?
Yes it can be used — Marketing Information System is a computerized system that is designed to provide an organized flow of information to enable and support the marketing activities of an organization. The main aim of this study is to develop and implement an online marketing system that will be useful to business owners. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to create a platform for businesses to reach a wider audience and increase sales and profits, develop a general purpose store where consumers can find products and services from the comfort of home through the Internet, and implement an online virtual store on the Internet where customers can browse the catalog and select products of interest. One of the major …
Can the material for “The Effect of Computerisation on Service Delivery in an Organisation” be used as a guide for Business Administration and Management (BAM) Project?
Yes it can be used — This project work examine the contribution of entrepreneurship programme to economic development. Various entrepreneurship concepts were analysed to understands the past literatures on the study of entrepreneurship. Moreso, series of definitions were also given to know different perspectives at which entrepreneurship is been viewed as well as brief history of the case study i.e. Fol-Hop limited, Ibadan. In addition to the concept of entrepreneurs. The write-up further attempt a concise review of the characteristics of an entrepreneurs, problems encountered by entrepreneurs and various sources of funds and various contributions of entrepreneurship to economy of different countries like India, as well as how it can contribute to Nigeria economy. Moreover, adequate findings were analysed and the research provided conclusion as well …
Can this topic “The Impact of Delegation of Authority on Staff Performance” be used for Public Administration (PA) Project?
Yes it can be utilized for research — Delegation of authority is one of modern trends practiced by managers, which is the flow or transmission of authority from top to the bottom of the organization. The study was carried out to investigate the Impact of Delegation of Authority on Staff Performance using Imo State Civil Service Commission as a Case Study. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to: identify the impact of the delegation of authority on employees’ productivity at Imo State Civil Service Commission, determine the most cost-effective means of delegation of authority that will not have an adverse effect on Staff Performance, Ascertain the effect of delegation and responsibilities on staff performance, Ascertain what authorities that are delegated ascertain …
Is the topic “The Effect of Accounting Information on the Profitability of a Company” recommended for Accountancy / Accounting Project?
Yes it is highly recommended — Accounting information system provide information about the financial resources, obligation and activities of an enterprise that is intend for use primarily external decision makers. The study examines the Effect of Accounting Information on the Profitability of a Company using Cadbury Nig Ltd as a case study. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to examine the effect of accounting information system on profitability, ascertain the effect of sales volume on profitability, determine the effect of capital structure on profitability and examine the effect of expenses on profitability. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain information from the respondents for this project. A total of 200 (two hundred) respondents …